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将传统形态学测定和框架测定相结合,采用聚类分析、主成分分析等多元分析方法,以体质量和32个形态性状为指标,对分别采自中国太湖(TH)、江苏洪泽湖(HZ)、黑龙江连环湖(LH)和吉林石头口门水库(ST)的4个大银鱼Protosalanx hyalocranius地理群体进行比较分析,为大银鱼不同地理种群的识别、亲缘关系的比较、种质资源的保护和利用等提供基础资料.结果表明:黑龙江连环湖(LH)和吉林石头口门水库(ST)间的遗传距离值最小,而吉林群体(ST)与太湖群体(TH)间的遗传距离值最大.主成分分析显示,4个地理大银鱼群体间的差异受躯干部的相关参数影响最大,4个群体大银鱼的前7个主成分总变异的累计贡献率为62.00%,其中前3个主成分的累积贡献率为44.52%,说明主成分3是个拐点.逐步判别分析结果显示,4个群体大银鱼的综合判别率为79.80%,其中以太湖群体(TH)最高(94.30%),吉林群体(ST)最低(72.00%).研究结果表明不同地区大银鱼群体间已经产生了一定程度的形态差异,但这些差异尚未达到亚种水平.
The traditional morphological determination and frame determination were combined. By cluster analysis, principal component analysis and other multivariate analysis methods, taking body mass and 32 morphological traits as indexes, HZ, LH, and ST in Jilin Province were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the geographical populations of Protosalanx hyalocranius, which were identified from different geographical populations, were compared. Germplasm resources The results showed that the genetic distance between the LH and the Shitoukoumen Reservoir in Heilongjiang is the smallest, while the genetic distance between the Jilin and the Taihu population is the smallest The principal component analysis showed that the differences among the four populations were the most affected by the relevant parameters of the trunk, and the cumulative contribution rate of the total variation of the first seven principal components of the four populations was 62.00% The cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 44.52%, indicating that principal component 3 was an inflection point. The results of stepwise discriminant analysis showed that the overall discriminant rate of the four populations was 79.80%, of which the highest was Taihu Lake (94.30 %), Jilin group (ST) the lowest (72.00%). The results showed that there was some degree of morphological differences among the populations of silverfish in different areas, but these differences did not reach the level of subspecies.