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目的探讨青年缺血性脑卒中患者的病因及危险因素。方法对78例45岁以下缺血性脑卒中患者、72名同年龄健康对照组和83例中老年缺血性脑卒中患者、75名同年龄对照组的血脂、脂蛋白、血糖水平及血压等资料进行分析。青年缺血性脑卒中患者依据TOAST分型标准,确定患者所属分型。结果青年缺血性脑卒中患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于对照组;高密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A低于对照组及中老年缺血性脑卒中组。青年缺血性脑卒中患者中大动脉粥样硬化型占22.5%,原因不明型占40%。结论青年缺血性脑卒中的病因分型以不明原因型和大动脉粥样硬化型所占比例高,脂质代谢异常是引起青年缺血性脑卒中的主要原因,高密度脂蛋白降低可能是缺血性脑卒中最重要的危险因素。
Objective To explore the etiology and risk factors of young patients with ischemic stroke. Methods Serum lipids, lipoprotein, blood glucose and blood pressure in 78 patients with ischemic stroke under 45 years of age, 72 healthy controls of the same age and 83 middle-aged and elderly patients with ischemic stroke, 75 age-matched controls Data analysis. Patients with ischemic stroke according to TOAST classification criteria to determine the patient’s subtype. Results The content of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in young patients with ischemic stroke were significantly higher than those in control group. The levels of high density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A were lower than those in control group and middle-aged and elderly patients with ischemic stroke. In young patients with ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis accounted for 22.5%, with unknown causes accounting for 40%. Conclusions There is a high proportion of etiological types of ischemic stroke in young patients with unexplained and large atherosclerotic diseases. Abnormal lipid metabolism is the main cause of ischemic stroke in young people. The reduction of HDL may be a The most important risk factor for bloody stroke.