中国自70年代开始经济改革以来,经济增长引人注目,经济结构也发生了重大变化。1978年至1996年,国内生产总值平均每年实际增长9%以上,人均收入接近增长三倍,并使数百万人脱贫。在同一时期,原来中央计划体制的许多扭曲和僵化规定都已取消,在经济决策过程中,市场力量发挥了越来越重要的作用。伴随而来的是国家在经济中的作用逐步减少,并出现了生机勃勃的非国有部门,这个部门现在几乎占国内生产总值的2/3。此外,作为正常经济发展过程的一部分,农业部门的就业人数大幅度下降,同时又出现了兴旺的制造部门。同样重要的是,逐步开放和中国经济与世界一体化,这反映在对 Since China began its economic reform in the 1970s, economic growth has attracted attention and its economic structure has undergone major changes. From 1978 to 1996, the average annual real growth of GDP was more than 9% in real terms, with per capita income nearly tripling and lifting millions out of poverty. During the same period, many original distortions and rigidities in the central planning system were canceled and market forces played an increasingly important role in economic decision-making. What followed was a gradual reduction in the role of the state in the economy and the emergence of a vibrant non-state sector, which now accounts for almost two-thirds of the gross domestic product. In addition, as part of the normal economic development process, the number of employed people in the agricultural sector dropped sharply while a thriving manufacturing sector emerged. Equally important is the gradual opening up and the integration of the Chinese economy with the world, which is reflected in the right direction