论文部分内容阅读
在焉連洼及肖家河两个试验中分别比较了热制铜皂液、波尔多液及代森锌对防治黄瓜霜霉病及白粉病所起的作用。试验中肯定了铜皂液(1∶4∶800,1∶6∶800)对霜霉病及白粉病都有一定的抑制作用,波尔多液(1∶1.5∶200—300)对霜霉病的抑制作用稍强于铜皂液,但对白粉病的抑制稍弱于铜皂液。苗期用铜皂液,后期用波尔多液可以获得很好的防治效果。在一个观察区中发现,冷制铜皂液有替代热制铜皂液的希望,因其药效及增产作用都不亚于后者。在多雨的情况下波尔多液中加入1∶200的甲松皂可以增加其药效。代森锌(1∶500,1∶800)对霜霉病有显著的保护作用,但是对白粉病不超任何防治效果。1∶500的浓度对黄瓜的生长有轻微的药害。1∶800全无药害。在1∶800的代森锌液中加入0.16分(=0.2%)的细硫粉时可以兼治霜霉及白粉病,而且获得此铜剂更高的产量,由于这一试区重复少,可以提出来作进一步的试验。代森锌中混入魚藤精作为兼治蚜虫之用时,似乎有一些微小的不良作用,但没有显著的药害。在肖家河点上的生产试验中证明,前期喷2次铜皂液,后期喷4次波尔多液的比无处理区的总产量超出38%,使用1∶800代森辞6次的比无处理区的总产量超出27%。代森锌区的增产较铜一波区较小的原因在于白粉病较重。根据成本计算,铜皂液一波尔多液处理区因防治而增收的利益为每亩77.3元,而代森锌区刖为22.3元。由此可见,在黄瓜栽培采用上述两种药剂前后喷布6次结果还是有利的。从分期采收及病情指数来看,当无处理区的病情指数在50以下时,药剂的作用还不明显,病情指数在50—90时,药剂的作用便极为明显,指数升到90以上时,此时无处理区已经枯死,而药剂防治区依然可以收瓜。估计代森锌区可以延长收瓜10天,而铜一波区可以延长16天。
In Yan Lian Wa and Xiao Jia He two experiments were compared the effects of hot copper soap liquid, Bordeaux mixture and dexamethasone on cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew. It was confirmed that copper soap solution (1: 4: 800, 1: 6: 800) had certain inhibitory effect on downy mildew and powdery mildew. Bordeaux mixture (1: 1.5: 200-300) The inhibition was slightly stronger than that of copper soap, but the inhibition of powdery mildew was slightly weaker than that of copper soap. Seedling with copper soap liquid, late Bordeaux mixture can get good control effect. In an observation area, it was found that cold copper soap has the hope of replacing hot copper soap liquid because of its efficacy and yield enhancement. Bordeaux mixture in rainy conditions by adding 1: 200 methyl pine soap can increase its efficacy. Dexamethasone (1: 500, 1: 800) has a significant protective effect against downy mildew, but does not have any control effect on powdery mildew. A concentration of 1: 500 has slight phytotoxicity on cucumber growth. 1: 800 no injury. The addition of 0.16 (= 0.2%) fine sulfur powder to 1: 800 dexmedetomidine can control both downy mildew and powdery mildew, and the higher yields of this copper agent are obtained. Since this test area is less repetitive, Proposed for further testing. Sub-zinc mixed with rattan as a cure for aphids, it seems that there are some minor adverse effects, but no significant phytotoxicity. Production tests at Xiaojiahe Point proved that the total output of the copper soap liquid sprayed 2 times earlier and the liquid sprayed 4 times later than the non-treated area exceeded 38%, and the use of 1: 800 dexamethasone for 6 times than the non-treated area The total output exceeded 27%. The reason for the increase in dendrolimus production over that in the copper one is that the powdery mildew is heavier. According to the cost calculation, the benefit of increasing income due to prevention and control of copper soap liquid-Bordeaux mixture was 77.3 yuan per mu, while that of detox zinc was 22.3 yuan. Thus, in the cucumber cultivation using the two agents before and after spraying 6 times the results is still beneficial. From the phased harvest and disease index point of view, when the untreated area disease index below 50, the role of the drug is not obvious, the disease index in the 50-90, the role of agents is extremely obvious when the index rose to 90 or more , At this time no treatment area has withered, while the chemical control area can still receive melon. It is estimated that dezincin can extend the harvest for 10 days, while the copper-wave zone can be extended for 16 days.