编者按:在当代社会,产业是一个地区一个国家发展之根基。在产业发展过程中,政府制定或推行的产业政策无疑起着重要作用。无论是凯恩斯主义当道还是新自由主义横行,产业政策在各个国家各个时期,都或多或少地表现出对实体经济的引领或推动作用。但产业政策是否市场经济发展的必备因素,在经济学界争议纷纷,支持者有之、反对者亦众。学术界的争论也正说明了产业政策对人类构筑的市场体系影响之深远。放在供给侧结构性改革和经济新常态的大背景下来看,产业既是供给侧改革关注的焦点,也是我国 Editor’s Note: In contemporary society, industry is the foundation for the development of a country in a region. In the industrial development process, the industrial policies formulated or implemented by the government undoubtedly play an important role. Whether it is Keynesianism or neoliberalism, industrial policy shows more or less the leading or facilitating role in the real economy in all periods of various countries. However, whether the industrial policy is an essential factor for the development of a market economy has many controversies in the economic field, such as supporters and opponents. Arguments in the academic circles also illustrate the far-reaching impact of industrial policies on the market system that mankind has constructed. On the supply-side structural reform and the new economic normal background, the industry is not only the focus of supply-side reform, but also our country