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目的了解大连地区长海县海岛人群糖尿病患者视网膜病变的流行现状以及主要影响因素,寻找有效干预措施。方法采用分层多级整群抽样方法对长海县海岛居民进行进行糖尿病的普查,共确诊603例糖尿病患者作为研究对象。数据录入采用EpiData3.2双人双遍录入,采用SPSS17.0进行统计学分析。结果 (1)海岛居民糖尿病患者视网膜病变的患病率为36.32%(219/603);(2)单因素分析结果表明,年龄、性别、身高、收缩压、舒张压、高血压疾病史、冠心病史、糖尿病家族史与糖尿病视网膜病变差异无统计学意义。而体重(t=2.884,P=0.004)、BMI(t=2.779,P=0.006)、空腹血糖(t=-5.100,P=0.000)、糖尿病病程(t=-7.836,P=0.000)、高血脂史(χ2=4.757,P=0.029)、胰岛素治疗史(χ2=17.162,P=0.000)与糖尿病视网膜病变有统计学意义;3)多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明空腹血糖(OR=1.097,95%CI=1.024~1.174)、糖尿病病程(OR=1.079,95%CI=1.047~1.112)、高血脂史(OR=1.520,95%CI=1.028~2.246)是糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素。结论海岛人群糖尿病患者视网膜病变患病率较高。空腹血糖高、糖尿病病程长和高血脂史是糖尿病视网膜病变的独立危险因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and main influencing factors of diabetic retinopathy in island population of Changhai County in Dalian and to find out effective interventions. Methods A stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to survey the residents of Changhai Island in diabetes. A total of 603 diabetes patients were diagnosed as subjects. Data entry using EpiData3.2 double double entry, using SPSS17.0 for statistical analysis. Results (1) The prevalence rate of diabetic retinopathy in island residents was 36.32% (219/603). (2) The results of univariate analysis showed that age, sex, height, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, history of hypertension, Heart disease history, family history of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy showed no significant difference. While body weight (t = 2.884, P = 0.004), BMI (t = 2.779, P = 0.006), fasting blood glucose (t = -5.100, P = 0.000) (Χ2 = 4.757, P = 0.029), history of insulin treatment (χ2 = 17.162, P = 0.000) and diabetic retinopathy had statistical significance.3) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose (OR = 1.097, 95 (OR = 1.079, 95% CI = 1.047-1.112). The history of hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.520, 95% CI = 1.028-2.246) was a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in island population is high. Fasting blood glucose, long duration of diabetes and history of hyperlipidemia are independent risk factors for diabetic retinopathy.