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在任何社会,人们都面临着收入与消费的时间不一致性和收入的不确定性问题,即每个人在一生中仅在20岁到60岁之间可以通过工作获得收入,但其消费却自出生开始就一直进行,收入和消费之间存在时间的不一致性;在能够工作的时间里,人们也可能因为个人的健康因素、商业周期、金融危机、社会危机等的
In any society, people face the problem of time inconsistency between income and consumption and the uncertainty of income. That is to say, every individual can earn his income through work during his lifetime, only 20 to 60 years old, but his consumption has been born There are always inconsistencies in the time between income and consumption. People can also work due to personal health factors, business cycle, financial crisis, social crisis, etc.