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目的探讨妊娠期合理膳食及适量补充微量营养素对新生儿骨密度的影响。方法选取2012年9月-2013年9月间在该院住院分娩的640例产妇及其分娩的新生儿为研究对象,根据产妇妊娠期饮食及营养状况将其分为观察组(260例)和对照组(380例),采用超声骨密度仪分别评估两组出生30天后的新生儿骨定量超声传播速度,计算获得百分位数合格率以及Z值,对比两组新生儿骨密度。结果两组新生儿骨骼强度之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=149.27,P=0.000),其中观察组新生儿骨骼强度正常的比例明显高于对照组,骨骼强度中度和重度不足的比例明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组新生儿骨定量超声传播速度、百分位数及Z值均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论妊娠期孕妇体内微量营养素水平是影响胎儿和新生儿骨密度的重要因素,有针对性地调整孕妇的日常饮食结构,科学补充微量营养素有助于保证母婴健康,促进新生儿骨骼发育。
Objective To investigate the effect of reasonable diet during pregnancy and the amount of micronutrient supplementation on newborn’s bone mineral density. Methods A total of 640 maternal and delivery newborns hospitalized in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2013 were selected as study subjects and divided into observation group (260 cases) and control group according to their gestational diet and nutritional status The control group (380 cases) was used to evaluate the quantitative ultrasound transmission rate of newborn bone of the two groups after birth by ultrasonic bone densitometer. The percentage of passing rate and Z value were calculated. The bone mineral density of two groups were compared. Results There was significant difference in skeletal strength between the two groups (χ2 = 149.27, P = 0.000). The proportion of newborn infants in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the proportion of moderate and severe skeletal weakness was significant Lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In the observation group, the quantitative ultrasound transmission rate, percentile and Z value of newborn bone were significantly higher than those of the control group, with significant difference (P <0.01). Conclusion The level of micronutrients in pregnant women during pregnancy is an important factor affecting the bone density of fetuses and newborns. Targeting the daily diet of pregnant women, the scientific supplement of micronutrients can help to ensure the health of mothers and infants and promote the development of newborns.