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反向遗传学技术实现了在DNA分子水平上对RNA病毒基因组的人工操作,在深入阐明基因组结构与功能、筛选研制新型基因工程疫苗及基因治疗等方面显示出良好的应用前景。本文对反向遗传学技术及在肠道病毒71型病毒中的应用进行了综述。1肠道病毒71型基因组结构及复制特征肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus type 71,EV71)是小RNA病毒科肠道属成员,其感染主要引起手足口病,还可能引起严重的神经系统疾病,如脑炎、无菌性脑膜炎和脊髓灰质炎样的麻痹等。根据EV71衣壳蛋白VP1区的核苷酸序列的不同,EV71可以分为A、B、C三个基因型,其中B型和C型又
The reverse genetics technology realizes the manual manipulation of the RNA virus genome at the DNA molecular level, which shows a good application prospect in further elucidating the structure and function of the genome, screening and developing new gene engineering vaccines and gene therapy. In this paper, the reverse genetics technology and its application in enterovirus 71 virus are reviewed. 1 Enteroviruses 71 genomic structure and replication characteristics Enterovirus type 71 (Enterovirus type 71, EV71) is a member of the Picornavirus genus Parvovirus, the main cause of HFMD infection hand-foot-mouth disease, but also may cause serious neurological diseases, Such as encephalitis, aseptic meningitis and poliomyelitis-like paralysis. According to the nucleotide sequence of EV71 capsid protein VP1, EV71 can be divided into three genotypes, A, B and C. Genotype B and C