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糖尿病患者致盲常由于1)白内障2)新生血管性青光眼3)黄斑部水肿4)玻璃体出血5)牵引性视网膜脱离。后三者为糖尿病视网膜病的直接并发症。虽然已证明激光光凝对治疗黄斑部水肿有效,但在治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病中最常选用这种治疗。激光治疗可减少增殖性糖尿病视网膜病并发症一例如玻璃体出血和牵引性视网膜脱离的发生率。在一个随机化双盲多中心的对照研究中,患者随访两年整严重视力丧失率在未治疗眼为16.3%,而治疗眼为6.4%。这6.4%的虽然用了光凝治疗仍继续发展为玻璃体出血和视网膜脱离的眼以及那些已经发生玻璃体出血和视网膜脱离而不能用激光有效治疗的患眼,要恢复视力可能只有靠玻璃体手术了。
Blindness in diabetic patients is often due to 1) cataract 2) neovascular glaucoma 3) macular edema 4) vitreous hemorrhage 5) traumatic retinal detachment. The latter three are the direct complication of diabetic retinopathy. Although laser photocoagulation has proven effective in the treatment of macular edema, it is most commonly used in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Laser treatment reduces the incidence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy complications such as vitreous hemorrhage and traumatic retinal detachment. In a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, controlled study, the overall rate of loss of sight in the two years of follow-up was 16.3% in untreated eyes and 6.4% in treated eyes. Although 6.4% of these patients who have undergone photocoagulation continue to develop vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment, and those who have had vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment that can not be effectively treated with laser, vitrectomy may have to be resumed.