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目的比较乙肝疫苗联合乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)与乙肝疫苗接种阻断HBsAg/HBeAg双阳性母亲HBV母婴传播的效果。方法对血清HBsAg阳性或HBsAg/HBeAg双阳性母亲所生新生儿分别按标准方法接种乙肝疫苗或者乙肝疫苗与HBIG联合接种,比较儿童HBV感染率情况。结果在110例血清HBsAg阳性母亲所生的110例只接种乙肝疫苗的儿童中,出生和6月龄血清HBsAg阳性率分别为28.2%和10.9%,与240例HBsAg/HBeAg阳性母亲所生的240例只接种乙肝疫苗的新生儿(分别为39.6%和24.2%)比,无显著性相差(P>0.05);在150例血清HBsAg阳性母亲所生的150例接种乙肝疫苗联合HBIG儿童中,出生和6月龄血清HBsAg阳性率分别为17.3%和3.3%,与100例HBsAg/HBeAg阳性母亲所生的100例新生儿(分别为25.0%和11.0%)比,也无显著性相差(P>0.05),但无论在血清HBsAg阳性还是血清HBsAg/HBeAg阳性母亲,联合接种儿童HBV感染率均显著低于只接种乙肝疫苗者(P<0.05)。结论采取乙肝疫苗联合HBIG接种能降低乙型肝炎病毒携带母亲所生儿童的HBV感染率。
Objective To compare the effect of hepatitis B vaccine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccination on the interruption of HBV mother-to-infant transmission of HBsAg / HBeAg-positive mothers. Methods Newborns born to HBsAg-positive or HBsAg / HBeAg-positive mothers were inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine or hepatitis B vaccine in combination with HBIG according to standard methods, and the prevalence of HBV infection in children was compared. Results The positive rates of HBsAg at birth and at 6 months of age in 110 cases of HBeAg-vaccinated children born from 110 serum HBsAg-positive mothers were 28.2% and 10.9% respectively, compared with 240 cases of 240 HBsAg / HBeAg-positive mothers Among the 150 HBsAg-positive mothers born from 150 HBsAg-positive mothers who received hepatitis B vaccine combined with HBIG, the proportion of newborns with HBsAg-positive mothers who received hepatitis B vaccine alone (39.6% vs 24.2%, respectively) was significantly lower than that of HBIG (17.3% vs 3.3%, respectively) at 6 months and 100 cases (100%) and 100% (100%) born to 100 HBsAg / HBeAg positive mothers, respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). However, the HBV infection rates of the co-immunized children were significantly lower than those of the HBsAg-positive or serum HBsAg / HBeAg-positive mothers only (P <0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine combined with HBIG vaccination can reduce the HBV infection rate of children born to hepatitis B virus carriers.