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在STIRPAT模型基础上,通过加入财政分权与各变量的交互项,使用动态固定效应估计方法,分析了财政分权对环境污染的影响路径。结果发现:总体回归中财政分权与水污染呈倒“U”型曲线关系,与大气污染呈“U”型曲线关系;财政分权主要通过人口集聚、产业结构、科技创新投入、外资利用、经济发展和生产技术进步这六种路径作用于水和大气的污染,其中最重要的三种路径是生产技术进步、科技创新投入和经济发展水平。分组回归表明:经济发展水平和人口集聚度较高时,财政分权会通过改善产业结构、降低人口集聚、提升外资利用质量的路径降低对水和大气的污染;在较低的外资利用水平、经济发展水平和人口集聚度下,财政分权通过抑制科技创新投入效应加剧了环境质量的恶化。
Based on the STIRPAT model, this paper analyzes the impact of fiscal decentralization on environmental pollution through the addition of the interaction between fiscal decentralization and each variable and the dynamic fixed effect estimation method. The results showed that the overall decentralization of fiscal decentralization and water pollution presented a “U” curve relationship with atmospheric pollution as a “U” curve. Fiscal decentralization was mainly through population concentration, industrial structure and technological innovation investment , Foreign capital utilization, economic development and technological progress in production are the six major pathways affecting the water and air pollution. The three most important paths are technological progress in production, investment in technological innovation and economic development. Subgroup regression shows that when the level of economic development and population concentration is high, the fiscal decentralization will reduce the water and air pollution by improving the industrial structure, reducing the population concentration and improving the quality of foreign capital utilization. At the low level of foreign capital utilization, Under the level of economic development and population concentration, fiscal decentralization exacerbated the deterioration of environmental quality by inhibiting the investment in science and technology innovation.