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为了解乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后，免疫儿童中ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性者的来源、变化动态及再感染的转归，选取４５５例ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ双阳性母亲的新生儿作为观察对象，进行了平均７．４年的随访。结果首次检查有６３例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性，占观察人数的１３．８％（６３／４５５）；随访中发现６例ＨＢｓＡｇ阴转，阴转率为９．３％（６／６３），阴转者的Ｓ／Ｎ值较低（２６．７）。原ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性者随访中发现７例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转，其中５例变为慢性携带者，占随访后总阳性者的８．１％（５／６２）。结果表明：ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率在母亲双阳性免疫儿童中处于动态平衡状态。共发现６例阴转和５例阳转，其替换率＜１０％。并发现ＨＢｓＡｇ阴转后５／６例无抗－ＨＢｓ应答。阳转者中ＨＢｓＡｇ阳转前均有低水平的抗－ＨＢｓ，有１例ＨＢｓＡｇ和抗－ＨＢｓ同时存在。对上述病例的特征进行了讨论，表明对母－婴免疫阻断效果的全面评估至少需要３年。
To understand the origin, dynamic changes and re-infection of HBsAg-positive children after immunization with hepatitis B vaccine, 455 newborns with HBsAg and HBeAg double positive mothers were selected as the observation subjects, with an average of 7.4 years Follow-up. Results The first HBsAg positive test was 63 cases, accounting for 13.8% (63/455) of the observed cases. During the follow-up, 6 cases of HBsAg negative conversion rate was found, with a negative conversion rate of 9.3% (6/63) S / N value is lower (26.7). Seven of the HBsAg positive cases were found during the follow-up of the original HBsAg negative patients, among which 5 cases became chronic carriers, accounting for 8.1% (5/62) of the total positive cases after follow-up. The results showed that: HBsAg positive rate in mothers double positive immune children in a dynamic equilibrium. A total of 6 cases were found to be negative and 5 cases of positive rotation, the replacement rate of <10%. Five and six non-anti-HBs responses were found after HBsAg was negative. HBsAg positive in patients with positive before rotation have low levels of anti-HBs, 1 case of HBsAg and anti-HBs co-exist. The characteristics of the above cases were discussed, indicating that a full assessment of the effect of mother-infant immunosuppression would take at least 3 years.