Various kinds of pathogenic bacteria derived from the intestinal tract of animals exist in compost material like cow dung.In order to sterilize the pathogenic bacteria completely in compost material,the cow dung was put into a heat treatment machine in pilot plan, and harmless condition in short time was examined.The results indicated,pathogenic indicator bacteria such as coliform bacteria, fecal coliform,Escherichia coli and salmonella were all 10~6 cfu/g dw at the beginning,died rapidly when cow dung temperature rose to above 50℃,and not detected at 54-68℃for 6-24 h heat treatment.Coliform bacteria and salmonella in heated cow dung were not detected by re-growth culture and enrichment culture examination.Moreover,it was hardly influenced on the fermentation ability of composting microbe,organic decomposition bacteria.During heat treatment,the mesophile decreased rapidly and the thermophile stabilized or increased,and the most of composting microbe were bacillus in cow dung by fluorescence microscope,this indicated that bacillus was dominator and composting microbe in composting process. Various kinds of pathogenic bacteria derived from the intestinal tract of animals exist in compost material like cow dung.In order to sterilize the pathogenic bacteria completely in compost material, the cow dung was put into a heat treatment machine in pilot plan, and harmless condition in short time was examined.The results indicated, pathogenic indicator bacteria such as coliform bacteria, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli and salmonella were all 10 ~ 6 cfu / g dw at the beginning, died rapidly when cow dung temperature rose above 50 ℃, and not detected at 54-68 ° C for 6-24 h heat treatment. Coliform bacteria and salmonella in heated cow dung were not detected by re-growth culture and enrichment culture examination. Moreover, it was hardly influenced on the fermentation ability of composting microbe, organic decomposition bacteria. Driving heat treatment, the mesophile decreased rapidly and the thermophile stabilized or increased, and the most of composting microbe were bacillus in cow dung by flu orescence microscope, this indicated that bacillus was dominator and composting microbe in composting process.