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为避免油罐车卸油过程中的静电风险,国家标准规定油罐车卸油前的静置时间为15 min。通过模拟试验,研究现有条件下,从静电安全角度出发,油罐车卸油前的静置时间。油罐车从油库驶出前,在汽车油罐内安装一个油面电位测量浮子,将油面电位测量装置置于油罐车驾驶室内,在油罐车行驶中及在加油站停车后,实时检测油罐内油品的油面电位,同时检测的参数还包括油品电导率和油罐车的对地电阻。检测结果表明油罐车在行驶过程中以及在加油站的静置阶段,油罐车内油品不能产生较高的油面电位,检测最高值是260 V;油罐车的对地电阻皆小于106Ω。现场试验选择了我国南北方的多个城市,其测试季节皆为秋冬季,很具有代表性。根据试验结果及油罐车的现有特点,认为当油罐车的对地电阻小于106Ω,且油罐车罐体安装了金属隔板、隔板间油品的体积小于18 925 L时,油罐车在加油站停稳卸油前的静置时间可以缩短至5 min。
In order to avoid the risk of electrostatic discharge during the unloading of the tanker, the national standard stipulates that the tanker should be allowed to stand for 15 minutes before being unloaded. Through the simulation test, under the existing conditions, from static safety point of view, the tanker unloading oil before standing time. Tanker before leaving the depot, the installation of an oil level in the car tank measuring the float, the oil level measuring device is placed in the tanker cab in the tanker driving and parking at the gas station, real-time Oil level detection oil tank surface potential, while testing parameters also include oil conductivity and tanker to ground resistance. The test results show that during the running of the tanker and during the stationary phase of the gas station, the fuel in the tanker can not generate a higher oil level potential. The highest detection value is 260 V; the resistance of the tanker to ground is less than 106Ω. Field test selected a number of cities in northern and southern China, the test season are all autumn and winter, very representative. According to the test results and the existing characteristics of the tanker, it is considered that when the resistance of the tanker to ground is less than 106Ω and the tanker body is equipped with a metal separator, the volume of oil between the separators is less than 18 925 L, the oil The tanker can be shortened to 5 minutes before it stops unloading at the gas station.