本文采用文献资料法、观察法、数理统计法、比较分析法,对河南省留守儿童健康体适能状况进行调查分析。研究结果显示:河南省留守儿童健康体适能发展水平与非留守儿童相比相对滞后,其中身体质量指数(BMI)较低,体型偏瘦;心肺耐力、身体柔韧度、肌力和肌耐力等身体素质指标与非留守儿童持平,甚至略大于非留守儿童。同时本文对影响留守儿童健康体适能的因素进行了分析。 In this paper, the use of documentary data, observation, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis of health status of left-behind children in Henan Province were investigated. The results showed that the level of healthy physical fitness of left-behind children in Henan province lags behind that of non-left-behind children, with low body mass index (BMI) and lean body mass; cardiopulmonary endurance, body flexibility, muscle strength and endurance Physical fitness indicators and non-left-behind children, even slightly larger than non-left-behind children. At the same time, this article analyzes the factors affecting the physical fitness of left-behind children.