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肺部感染性疾病是内科领域中最常见的疾病之一,也是整个肺部疾病中最为普遍的疾病,尤其是革兰氏阴性杆菌肺炎及肺部机会致病菌感染(Opportunistic infections)的发病率目前正有增长之趋势,其死亡率高达50%以上,这些肺部感染性疾病已严重威胁着患者的生命。如能及时明确肺部感染性疾病的病原菌,选用特异性的治疗方法,则对决定病变的预后起着十分重要的作用。临床常用的无创性诊断方法,如痰涂片、培养等,因标本易受口腔和上呼吸道细菌的污染,无特异性,又有一定的局限性。为了寻找病原菌,尽快诊断肺部感染性疾病,近年来大家对一些创伤性(侵入性)诊断技术重新予以重视,并开展了许多
Pulmonary Infectious Diseases is one of the most common diseases in the medical field and the most common disease in the whole lung disease, especially the incidence of Gram-negative bacilli pneumonitis and opportunistic infections of the lungs At present, there is a growing trend with a mortality rate as high as 50% or more. These pulmonary infectious diseases have seriously threatened the lives of patients. If timely identification of pathogenic bacteria of lung infection disease, the choice of specific treatment, the prognosis of the lesion plays a very important role. Clinical noninvasive diagnostic methods commonly used, such as sputum smear, culture, etc., because the specimen is susceptible to oral and upper respiratory tract bacteria contamination, non-specific, there are some limitations. In order to find pathogens and diagnose pulmonary infectious diseases as soon as possible, in recent years, we have re-emphasized some traumatic (invasive) diagnostic techniques and carried out many