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目的 回顾性分析分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)患者术后残余甲状腺组织131Ⅰ清除治疗疗效的影响因素.方法 对80例DTC术后首次接受131Ⅰ清除甲状腺残余组织(简称清甲)治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析.以小剂量131Ⅰ全身显像的方法作为131Ⅰ清甲疗效的判断依据,显像中甲状腺床位置未见放射性浓聚视为清甲成功.分别采用χ2检验和Binary Logistic多因素回归分析的方法,研究患者性别、年龄(0.05).经Binary Logistic多因素回归分析,残余甲状腺质量(X1)和131Ⅰ剂量(X2)2项变量入选最终方程P=e(-0.865-0.868X1+1.677X2)/[1-e(-0.865-0.868X1+1.677X2)],Wald值分别为3.752和9.130,P值分别为0.049和0.003.结论 DTC术后131Ⅰ清甲治疗的疗效主要取决于131Ⅰ治疗剂量和残余甲状腺的质量,与患者性别、年龄、病理类型、甲状腺外有无转移、血清Tg和TSH水平、甲状腺吸碘率无关.“,”Objective 131Ⅰ is the most effective treatment for thyroidal remnant ablation after thy-roidectomy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Ways to improve its therapeutic efficacy have been a major clinical concern. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of thyroid ablation by finding out its leading factors. Methods Eighty cases of post-operative DTC patients who had undergone first 131Ⅰ remnant ablation therapy were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy of the therapy was assessed by a diagnostic 131Ⅰ whole body follow-up scan 3- 6 months later. The ablation therapy was considered to be suc-cessful only if no conceivable radioactivity was detected in the thyroidectomy bed. The χ2 test and multi-vari-ance Binary Logistic regression were used to analyze 9 variances which might affect the therapeutic efficacy, including gender, age ( 0. 05). All 9 variances were analyzed by the multi-variance Binary Logistic regression model through for-ward stepwise. The variance of residual thyroid weight (X1) and 131Ⅰ dose (X2) were finally selected as the 2 key parameters in the formula, P=e(-0.865-0.868X1+1.677X2)/[1-e(-0.865-0.868X1+1.677X2)] , by the Binary Logistic regression analysis (Wald values were 3.752 and9. 130, P=0.049, 0.003). Conclusions The efficacy of 131Ⅰ ablation of thyroidal remnant in post-operative DTC patients was mainly determined by the re-sidual thyroid weight and the therapeutic 131Ⅰ dose. The other 7 factors included in this study were not found to be statistically significant.