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(A)
BOISE, Idaho — Among traditional houses on Boise Avenue, Mark Lung, a former ecology professor,is working hard at bales(大捆) of straw (稻草) and mixing mud.
He is building a new home using local, recycled agricultural waste to build walls. The mud, sand, straw and water will be used both inside and outside of the house instead of bricks and paint.
“Similar in appearance to Southwestern adobes, straw bale structures are earth-friendly and energy-efficient, ”Lung said.
Unlike the wall in a typical home, which is about 6 inches thick, a straw-bale wall is 18 to 23 inches thick, providing greater protection for the house against winter cold, summer heat and sound. Fire and pests are not a problem, either.
“Straw makes sense. It might be the building material of the future,”Lung said. “It is a cheap and easily renewable(可再生的)building material.”
Lung lived in a straw-bale house in Gunnison, Colo., before moving to Boise. While there, he carefully set down the temperatures over a period of time. The outside temperature changed from 20 to 80 degrees. Inside, the temperature stayed between 68 and 72 — there is no need to use heating or cooling equipment.
The cost of building a straw-bale home is lower than a traditional home. The materials — straw, sand and clay — are cheaper.
To build his home, Lung bought 250 bales at $2 a bale from a Meridian farmer. Lung is providing much of the labor himself and is using recycled materials, which brought the costs down to about $86 a square foot — he’s spending about $165,000, not including land.
Building the 1,900-square-foot home with traditional materials would have cost Lung about $103 per square foot.
Lung is sharing his building experience with other builders, experts and students. He said that almost every day, curious visitors “come and ask about the house.” Lung gives them a tour and explains what he is building and why.
“However, straw-bale homes still haven’t caught on with the mainstream, maybe because city codes have not been updated to allow them, he said.
1. The advantage of Mark Lung’s home is that ________.
A. it has thin walls to save space
B. it can keep much fresh air in the house
C. it benefits the earth and costs less money
D. it is able to change temperatures more easily
2. Mark Lung set down the temperatures to show that ________.
A. his houses saves energy
B. his house is of great value
C. he is an expert in building houses
D. he is interested in climate change
3. What do we know about Mark Lung from the passage?
A. He builds his house all by himself.
B. He thinks highly of straw as a building material.
C. He hasn’t lived in a straw-bale house before yet.
D. He studied Southwestern adobes to build his house.
4.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that ________.
A. Lung’s idea has been widely accepted
B. Lung builds the straw-bale house for saving money.
C. it is impossible to build a straw-bale house in the city
D. many people show a great interest in Lung’s house exhibition
5. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce the newly-built house.
B. To advocate this new kind of house.
C. To tell the benefits of the new house.
D. To share the building experience of Lung with others.
(B)
Until March 28, the fate of the gray wolf in the Rocky Mountains was in the hands of the federal government because the wolf was listed as an endangered species.But once it was removed from the list — a decision that is being challenged in court by a dozen conservation groups — the gray wolf fell under the protection of individual states. That is turning out to mean almost no protection at all.
Idaho’s, Fish and Game department announced last week that it would allow 428 of the state’s estimated 1000 wolves to die this year.Some will die of natural causes.Most will be killed by hunters.
Idaho officials argue that the remaining population will still be larger than the very small number to he protected in the original federal wolf recovery plans. But Idaho’s Fish and Game department has overruled its own staff biologists, who for the good of the wolf population and the ecosystem(生态系统) as a whole argued that more animals should be allowed to survive.
Sadly, in Idaho, wolves are nothing more than another game animal to be managed for the benefit of human hunters.
Beginning on Sept.15, any Idaho hunter with a hunting license and $10.50 for a wolf tag will be entitled to shoot one wolf, at least until the quota(限额) of dead wolves in his region has been reached. And how will a hunter know if the local quota has been reached? There will be a hot line, of course.
Hunters will be encouraged not to shoot wolves wearing radio collar, because those wolvesare still being studied. Perhaps the solution is to fit all wolves with radio collars.
It is still possible that Idaho’s wolves—and the wolves in other stateswill get a reprieve. A federal judge will soon decide whether to support or object to the government’s decision to delist the gray wolf. We hope he will restore the wolf to the endangered species list. There is no better proof of how dangerous life is for wolves than Idaho’s plan to protect them.
1. From the first paragraph, we can know that ________.
A. the gray wolf was listed as an endangered species until March 28
B. in the author’s opinion, individual states will not protect the gray wolf well
C. the gray wolf fell under the protection of individual states when it was listed as an endangered species
D. it’s up to the federal government to protect the gray wolf after it was removed from the list
2. Why do Idaho officials permit a certain number of gray wolves to be hunted?
A. Some will die of natural causes if they are not killed by hunters.
B. Hunters killed gray wolves for the good of the wolf population.
C. They argue that more animals should be allowed to survive.
D. The wolves left will still be more than those to be protected in the original federal wolf recovery plans.
3. What does the underlined word “reprieve” in the last paragraph mean?
A. An official order to put gray wolves back on endangered list.
B. An official order to remove the gray wolf from the list of endangered species.
C. An official order to permit 428 of the state’s estimated 1000 wolves to be hunted
D. An official order to fit all wolves with radio collars.
4. What does the author think of Idaho’s plan to protect gray wolves?
A. Wolves are only a game animal to be managed for the benefit of human hunters.
B. There is no better plan to protect gray wolves than Idaho’s plan.
C. It will restore the wolf to the endangered species list.
D. It’s a danger to the life of the gray wolf.
5. Whose point of view may the author agree to?
A. Idaho’s Fish and Game department.
B. Idaho’s officials.
C. Staff biologists in Idaho’s Fish and Game department.
D. The federal judge.
(C)
The Ministry of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the mental health of the young, as part of efforts to mark World Mental Health Day.
More than 15 percent of the Chinese youth have been found with mental problems, and about 30 million young people under 17 are suffering from depression, the Shanghai-based Wenhui Daily reported.
The World Health Organization estimated that before 2020, the rate of children with mental problems will increase to 50 percent, and mental problem will become a major factor behind death and illness in the young worldwide.
Deng Xiaohong, the spokesperson for the Beijing municipal health bureau, said rapid social change is one of the reasons behind the rising number of youngsters with psychological problems.
If these mental diseases are not addressed on time, occurrence of crime, drug-taking and other dangerous behavior is expected to rise.
Experts said mental disease could be caused by many factors, such as the inability to handle interpersonal relations well, unstable emotions and pressure from the overload of study.A number of experts have also said the one-child policy is another reason leading to poor mental health in the young.
Children were said to be too “spoiled” and “selfish” in one-child families. Schools in many cities were reported rolling out measures to help students maintain their mental well-being, Yin Jingmiao,a teacher of the Beijing No.105 middle school, told China Daily that the school invites psychologists to provide counseling for students three times a month. “Students can be arranged to have 40-minute counseling sessions,”. Yin said. The school also gives lectures on mental health to senior grade students before they take the national college entrance exams, to help ease any anxiety arising from the tests.
1. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To urge awareness on mental-health of the young.
B. To give the details of the problems the Chinese youth are facing today.
C. To recommend that schools should invite more psychologists to help solve the mental problems among the youth.
D. To show us the causes of the mental problems among students.
2. The underlined word “addressed” in the fifth paragraph most probably means __________.
A. talked about B. dealt with
C. satisfied D. introduced
3. From the passage we can know that the causes of mental problems are mainly the following except ________.
A. one-child policy
B. lack of ability to handle interpersonal relations well
C. lack of special training in mental health
D. heavy burden from study
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. By 2020, about 50 percent of the students in China: will have mental problems.
B. Mental problems mainly appear among the youth while they are seldom seen among adults.
C. China has the largest number of youngsters with psychological problems.
D. Many schools have realized the problem and taken measures.
5. We can infer that to bring down the occurrence of mental problems among the youth,_________.
A. attention should be paid to the education of the only child
B. psychologist must be a necessary part of school
C. the government will cancel tests to ease the pressure On the students
D. rapid social change plays the leading part in causing mental problems
(D)
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do —— especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves,” he says.
“Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate. “Crossley concludes,” if they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”
Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely not. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The ApolloⅡ moon launch was slightly of course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
1. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _________.
A. because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves
B. because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C. because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications
D. because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
2. The underlined word “perfectionists” (Para. 3, Line 2) refers to those who ________.
A. pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
B. know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C. demand others to get everything absolutely right
D. are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
3. Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?
A. Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.
B. Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
C. Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
D. Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
4. The example of the Apollo Ⅱ moon launch is given to illustrate (说明) that ________.
A. minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B. keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
C. adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D. failure is the mother of success
5. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. Don’t Be a Perfectionist
B. Details and Major Objectives
C. Importance of Adjustments
D. Hard Work Plus Good Luck
答案及解析:
(A)
曾经的生态学教授用稻草建造了环保节能的房屋。
1. C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的straw bale structures are earth-friendly and energy-efficient 可知该房子的最大优点就是环保节能。故选C项。
2. A。细节理解题。根据文章第六段最后一句话可知,这样的房子内温度变化小,不需要再使用增温或降温设备,因而更加节能,故选A项。
3. B。 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中他所说的话及全文的描述可知,他对将稻草作建筑材料的做法是极其赞赏的,故选B项。
4. D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的He said that almost every day, curious visitors “come and ask about the house”可知,很多人对他的房子感兴趣,故选D项。
5. B。主旨归纳题。 本文是讲述了Lung的新房子与传统房子的不同之处,以及它的建筑材料的环保,从而来倡导更多的人使用此方法建造房子。而其他三项都是本文的内容,并不是目的。故选B项。
(B)
本文作者就生活在Rocky Mountains地区的灰狼是否从联邦政府所列濒危物种的保护名单中去掉,阐述自己的观点。灰狼在联邦政府的保护下要比在各个州政府的保护下安全得多。
1. B。 判断推理题。根据第二、第三句,在作者看来灰狼在各个州保护下形同虚设,根本得不到保护。故B项正确。
2. D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话可知,从9月1 5日起,任何持有狩猎证并交纳10.5美元一只灰狼标签,就允许射杀一只,直到达到该地区的限制额为止。由此可知D项正确。
3. A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句可知,一个联邦法官很快决定是支持还是反对政府决定把灰狼从保护名单上去掉,所以A项正确。
4. D。判断作者观点题。根据文章最后一句话可推断出,作者认为按照Idaho州保护计划灰狼的生命安全得不到保障。故D项正确。
5. C。判断作者态度立场题。最后一段倒数第二句表示作者的立场,希望灰狼重新列在保护名单上,这观点与第三段“Idaho’s Fish and Game department”的观点一致。故C项正确。
(C)
青少年的心理健康面临严峻的形势,希望引起人们的重视。全文分析了其产生的原因并介绍了一些学校成功的范例。
1. A。考查写作意图。参照文章第一段中“The Ministry of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the health of the young”可知作者写作的意图是希望人们对青少年的心理健康引起高度的重视。故B项正确。
2. B。 考查词义猜测。根据后半句提到犯罪、吸毒等不良行为会有所上升,可推断出上半句意为“如果青少年的心理疾病得不到有效的处理。”address意为“deal with”。故B项正确。
3. C。 考查细节理解。参照文章第六段可知引起青少年心理问题的原因包括独生子女问题,不能处理人际关系,学业负担过重,不包括缺少心理健康方面特殊培训。故C项正确。
4. D。考查细节理解。结合文章第三段可知,到2020,青少年心理问题的比率在世界范围内将达到50%,而并非在中国,判断A项错误;B、C两项文中无判断依据,故错误;根据文章最后一段由“Schools in many cities were reported rolling out measures to…”可判断D项正确。
5. A。考查推理判断。结合文章最后两段,可知专家强调独生子女政策是引起心理健康问题的主要原因,以及在城市中许多学校针对青少年心理健康所采取的一些措施,从而推断出要特别关注青少年的教育问题,所以答案选择A。
(D)
细节固然重要,它可以决定事情的成败,但如果细节抓过了头,也会影响到目标的最终达成,正所谓“只见树木不见森林”。
1. D。考查推理判断。结合文章第二段中“Resumes arrive with stains”和“if they can not take care of these details,why should we trust them with a job”可知一些应聘者不注意个人履历的清洁度这一细节,而被拒绝。故D项正确。
2. A。考查词义猜测。根据文章第三段中“Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward”的理解,可推断“Perfectionists”是指过多关注细节、却牺牲更大目标的人。故A项正确。
3. C。 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段最后一句“we must constantly ask ourselves...,we should drop them and move to something else”可知。故C项正确。
4. B。考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段中“Knowing where we want to go helps US judge the importance of every task we undertake”可知,阿波罗登月事例告诉我们:在执行具体的任务时,可根据目标进行适度的调整,也就是说有些细节在具体的操作中可以忽略。故B项正确。
5. B。考查文章标题。文章主要大意为:细节固然重要,但同时要注意处理细节和整体的关系,适度地忽略某些细节是必要的,所以B项最能突出文章的主题。 ?誙
BOISE, Idaho — Among traditional houses on Boise Avenue, Mark Lung, a former ecology professor,is working hard at bales(大捆) of straw (稻草) and mixing mud.
He is building a new home using local, recycled agricultural waste to build walls. The mud, sand, straw and water will be used both inside and outside of the house instead of bricks and paint.
“Similar in appearance to Southwestern adobes, straw bale structures are earth-friendly and energy-efficient, ”Lung said.
Unlike the wall in a typical home, which is about 6 inches thick, a straw-bale wall is 18 to 23 inches thick, providing greater protection for the house against winter cold, summer heat and sound. Fire and pests are not a problem, either.
“Straw makes sense. It might be the building material of the future,”Lung said. “It is a cheap and easily renewable(可再生的)building material.”
Lung lived in a straw-bale house in Gunnison, Colo., before moving to Boise. While there, he carefully set down the temperatures over a period of time. The outside temperature changed from 20 to 80 degrees. Inside, the temperature stayed between 68 and 72 — there is no need to use heating or cooling equipment.
The cost of building a straw-bale home is lower than a traditional home. The materials — straw, sand and clay — are cheaper.
To build his home, Lung bought 250 bales at $2 a bale from a Meridian farmer. Lung is providing much of the labor himself and is using recycled materials, which brought the costs down to about $86 a square foot — he’s spending about $165,000, not including land.
Building the 1,900-square-foot home with traditional materials would have cost Lung about $103 per square foot.
Lung is sharing his building experience with other builders, experts and students. He said that almost every day, curious visitors “come and ask about the house.” Lung gives them a tour and explains what he is building and why.
“However, straw-bale homes still haven’t caught on with the mainstream, maybe because city codes have not been updated to allow them, he said.
1. The advantage of Mark Lung’s home is that ________.
A. it has thin walls to save space
B. it can keep much fresh air in the house
C. it benefits the earth and costs less money
D. it is able to change temperatures more easily
2. Mark Lung set down the temperatures to show that ________.
A. his houses saves energy
B. his house is of great value
C. he is an expert in building houses
D. he is interested in climate change
3. What do we know about Mark Lung from the passage?
A. He builds his house all by himself.
B. He thinks highly of straw as a building material.
C. He hasn’t lived in a straw-bale house before yet.
D. He studied Southwestern adobes to build his house.
4.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that ________.
A. Lung’s idea has been widely accepted
B. Lung builds the straw-bale house for saving money.
C. it is impossible to build a straw-bale house in the city
D. many people show a great interest in Lung’s house exhibition
5. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce the newly-built house.
B. To advocate this new kind of house.
C. To tell the benefits of the new house.
D. To share the building experience of Lung with others.
(B)
Until March 28, the fate of the gray wolf in the Rocky Mountains was in the hands of the federal government because the wolf was listed as an endangered species.But once it was removed from the list — a decision that is being challenged in court by a dozen conservation groups — the gray wolf fell under the protection of individual states. That is turning out to mean almost no protection at all.
Idaho’s, Fish and Game department announced last week that it would allow 428 of the state’s estimated 1000 wolves to die this year.Some will die of natural causes.Most will be killed by hunters.
Idaho officials argue that the remaining population will still be larger than the very small number to he protected in the original federal wolf recovery plans. But Idaho’s Fish and Game department has overruled its own staff biologists, who for the good of the wolf population and the ecosystem(生态系统) as a whole argued that more animals should be allowed to survive.
Sadly, in Idaho, wolves are nothing more than another game animal to be managed for the benefit of human hunters.
Beginning on Sept.15, any Idaho hunter with a hunting license and $10.50 for a wolf tag will be entitled to shoot one wolf, at least until the quota(限额) of dead wolves in his region has been reached. And how will a hunter know if the local quota has been reached? There will be a hot line, of course.
Hunters will be encouraged not to shoot wolves wearing radio collar, because those wolvesare still being studied. Perhaps the solution is to fit all wolves with radio collars.
It is still possible that Idaho’s wolves—and the wolves in other stateswill get a reprieve. A federal judge will soon decide whether to support or object to the government’s decision to delist the gray wolf. We hope he will restore the wolf to the endangered species list. There is no better proof of how dangerous life is for wolves than Idaho’s plan to protect them.
1. From the first paragraph, we can know that ________.
A. the gray wolf was listed as an endangered species until March 28
B. in the author’s opinion, individual states will not protect the gray wolf well
C. the gray wolf fell under the protection of individual states when it was listed as an endangered species
D. it’s up to the federal government to protect the gray wolf after it was removed from the list
2. Why do Idaho officials permit a certain number of gray wolves to be hunted?
A. Some will die of natural causes if they are not killed by hunters.
B. Hunters killed gray wolves for the good of the wolf population.
C. They argue that more animals should be allowed to survive.
D. The wolves left will still be more than those to be protected in the original federal wolf recovery plans.
3. What does the underlined word “reprieve” in the last paragraph mean?
A. An official order to put gray wolves back on endangered list.
B. An official order to remove the gray wolf from the list of endangered species.
C. An official order to permit 428 of the state’s estimated 1000 wolves to be hunted
D. An official order to fit all wolves with radio collars.
4. What does the author think of Idaho’s plan to protect gray wolves?
A. Wolves are only a game animal to be managed for the benefit of human hunters.
B. There is no better plan to protect gray wolves than Idaho’s plan.
C. It will restore the wolf to the endangered species list.
D. It’s a danger to the life of the gray wolf.
5. Whose point of view may the author agree to?
A. Idaho’s Fish and Game department.
B. Idaho’s officials.
C. Staff biologists in Idaho’s Fish and Game department.
D. The federal judge.
(C)
The Ministry of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the mental health of the young, as part of efforts to mark World Mental Health Day.
More than 15 percent of the Chinese youth have been found with mental problems, and about 30 million young people under 17 are suffering from depression, the Shanghai-based Wenhui Daily reported.
The World Health Organization estimated that before 2020, the rate of children with mental problems will increase to 50 percent, and mental problem will become a major factor behind death and illness in the young worldwide.
Deng Xiaohong, the spokesperson for the Beijing municipal health bureau, said rapid social change is one of the reasons behind the rising number of youngsters with psychological problems.
If these mental diseases are not addressed on time, occurrence of crime, drug-taking and other dangerous behavior is expected to rise.
Experts said mental disease could be caused by many factors, such as the inability to handle interpersonal relations well, unstable emotions and pressure from the overload of study.A number of experts have also said the one-child policy is another reason leading to poor mental health in the young.
Children were said to be too “spoiled” and “selfish” in one-child families. Schools in many cities were reported rolling out measures to help students maintain their mental well-being, Yin Jingmiao,a teacher of the Beijing No.105 middle school, told China Daily that the school invites psychologists to provide counseling for students three times a month. “Students can be arranged to have 40-minute counseling sessions,”. Yin said. The school also gives lectures on mental health to senior grade students before they take the national college entrance exams, to help ease any anxiety arising from the tests.
1. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To urge awareness on mental-health of the young.
B. To give the details of the problems the Chinese youth are facing today.
C. To recommend that schools should invite more psychologists to help solve the mental problems among the youth.
D. To show us the causes of the mental problems among students.
2. The underlined word “addressed” in the fifth paragraph most probably means __________.
A. talked about B. dealt with
C. satisfied D. introduced
3. From the passage we can know that the causes of mental problems are mainly the following except ________.
A. one-child policy
B. lack of ability to handle interpersonal relations well
C. lack of special training in mental health
D. heavy burden from study
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. By 2020, about 50 percent of the students in China: will have mental problems.
B. Mental problems mainly appear among the youth while they are seldom seen among adults.
C. China has the largest number of youngsters with psychological problems.
D. Many schools have realized the problem and taken measures.
5. We can infer that to bring down the occurrence of mental problems among the youth,_________.
A. attention should be paid to the education of the only child
B. psychologist must be a necessary part of school
C. the government will cancel tests to ease the pressure On the students
D. rapid social change plays the leading part in causing mental problems
(D)
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do —— especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves,” he says.
“Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate. “Crossley concludes,” if they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”
Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely not. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The ApolloⅡ moon launch was slightly of course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
1. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _________.
A. because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves
B. because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C. because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications
D. because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
2. The underlined word “perfectionists” (Para. 3, Line 2) refers to those who ________.
A. pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
B. know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C. demand others to get everything absolutely right
D. are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
3. Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?
A. Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.
B. Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
C. Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
D. Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
4. The example of the Apollo Ⅱ moon launch is given to illustrate (说明) that ________.
A. minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B. keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
C. adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D. failure is the mother of success
5. The best title for this passage would be ________.
A. Don’t Be a Perfectionist
B. Details and Major Objectives
C. Importance of Adjustments
D. Hard Work Plus Good Luck
答案及解析:
(A)
曾经的生态学教授用稻草建造了环保节能的房屋。
1. C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的straw bale structures are earth-friendly and energy-efficient 可知该房子的最大优点就是环保节能。故选C项。
2. A。细节理解题。根据文章第六段最后一句话可知,这样的房子内温度变化小,不需要再使用增温或降温设备,因而更加节能,故选A项。
3. B。 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中他所说的话及全文的描述可知,他对将稻草作建筑材料的做法是极其赞赏的,故选B项。
4. D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的He said that almost every day, curious visitors “come and ask about the house”可知,很多人对他的房子感兴趣,故选D项。
5. B。主旨归纳题。 本文是讲述了Lung的新房子与传统房子的不同之处,以及它的建筑材料的环保,从而来倡导更多的人使用此方法建造房子。而其他三项都是本文的内容,并不是目的。故选B项。
(B)
本文作者就生活在Rocky Mountains地区的灰狼是否从联邦政府所列濒危物种的保护名单中去掉,阐述自己的观点。灰狼在联邦政府的保护下要比在各个州政府的保护下安全得多。
1. B。 判断推理题。根据第二、第三句,在作者看来灰狼在各个州保护下形同虚设,根本得不到保护。故B项正确。
2. D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话可知,从9月1 5日起,任何持有狩猎证并交纳10.5美元一只灰狼标签,就允许射杀一只,直到达到该地区的限制额为止。由此可知D项正确。
3. A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句可知,一个联邦法官很快决定是支持还是反对政府决定把灰狼从保护名单上去掉,所以A项正确。
4. D。判断作者观点题。根据文章最后一句话可推断出,作者认为按照Idaho州保护计划灰狼的生命安全得不到保障。故D项正确。
5. C。判断作者态度立场题。最后一段倒数第二句表示作者的立场,希望灰狼重新列在保护名单上,这观点与第三段“Idaho’s Fish and Game department”的观点一致。故C项正确。
(C)
青少年的心理健康面临严峻的形势,希望引起人们的重视。全文分析了其产生的原因并介绍了一些学校成功的范例。
1. A。考查写作意图。参照文章第一段中“The Ministry of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the health of the young”可知作者写作的意图是希望人们对青少年的心理健康引起高度的重视。故B项正确。
2. B。 考查词义猜测。根据后半句提到犯罪、吸毒等不良行为会有所上升,可推断出上半句意为“如果青少年的心理疾病得不到有效的处理。”address意为“deal with”。故B项正确。
3. C。 考查细节理解。参照文章第六段可知引起青少年心理问题的原因包括独生子女问题,不能处理人际关系,学业负担过重,不包括缺少心理健康方面特殊培训。故C项正确。
4. D。考查细节理解。结合文章第三段可知,到2020,青少年心理问题的比率在世界范围内将达到50%,而并非在中国,判断A项错误;B、C两项文中无判断依据,故错误;根据文章最后一段由“Schools in many cities were reported rolling out measures to…”可判断D项正确。
5. A。考查推理判断。结合文章最后两段,可知专家强调独生子女政策是引起心理健康问题的主要原因,以及在城市中许多学校针对青少年心理健康所采取的一些措施,从而推断出要特别关注青少年的教育问题,所以答案选择A。
(D)
细节固然重要,它可以决定事情的成败,但如果细节抓过了头,也会影响到目标的最终达成,正所谓“只见树木不见森林”。
1. D。考查推理判断。结合文章第二段中“Resumes arrive with stains”和“if they can not take care of these details,why should we trust them with a job”可知一些应聘者不注意个人履历的清洁度这一细节,而被拒绝。故D项正确。
2. A。考查词义猜测。根据文章第三段中“Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward”的理解,可推断“Perfectionists”是指过多关注细节、却牺牲更大目标的人。故A项正确。
3. C。 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段最后一句“we must constantly ask ourselves...,we should drop them and move to something else”可知。故C项正确。
4. B。考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段中“Knowing where we want to go helps US judge the importance of every task we undertake”可知,阿波罗登月事例告诉我们:在执行具体的任务时,可根据目标进行适度的调整,也就是说有些细节在具体的操作中可以忽略。故B项正确。
5. B。考查文章标题。文章主要大意为:细节固然重要,但同时要注意处理细节和整体的关系,适度地忽略某些细节是必要的,所以B项最能突出文章的主题。 ?誙