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通过对不同大麦品种春播和夏播的对比观察,发现大麦不仅对发育的春化温度反应不同,对生长温度反应也有差异。春化温度反应的敏感期是种子发芽至单棱期,根据夏播时不同品种的穗分化进程和抽穗情况,可分为春化低温敏感型、春化低温迟钝型、无春化反应型等三种不同类型;对生长温度反应的敏感期是二棱期至抽穗期,根据生长对积温的反应可分为温度敏感型和温度迟钝型。前者的特点是生长要求一定的积温,随着夏季平均温度的升高,苗穗期比春播的明显缩短,经济性状的发育也受到一定影响。后者对积温反应迟钝,在春播和夏播条件下,虽然日平均温度明显不同,但苗穗期稳定,营养生长量较大,经济性状发育良好,能保持较高的产量水平,这类品种夏播对环境有很好的适应性。
Through the comparison of spring sowing and summer sowing of different barley varieties, it was found that barley responded differently to the developing vernalization temperature and different to the growth temperature. The sensitive period of vernalization temperature response is seed germination to single-stage, according to different varieties of summer sowing ear spike differentiation process and heading, can be divided into vernalization of low temperature-sensitive type, vernalization of low temperature and dull type, no vernalization reaction type There are three different types; the sensitive period of response to growth temperature is two-ridge period to heading stage. According to the response of growth to accumulated temperature, it can be divided into temperature-sensitive type and temperature-sensitive type. The former is characterized by the growth of a certain accumulated temperature, with the increase of the average summer temperature, compared with the spring sowing of the shortened, the development of economic traits are also affected. The latter had a slow response to accumulated temperature. Under the conditions of spring sowing and summer sowing, although the daily average temperature was significantly different, the seedling stage was stable, the vegetative growth was large, the economic traits were well developed and the yield could be maintained at a high level. Summer broadcast on the environment has a good adaptability.