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目的分析农村居民对艾滋病感染者歧视态度和行为的影响因素,为制定和完善消除艾滋病歧视的政策或策略提供依据。方法分别在襄樊市襄城区和南漳县随机抽取2个村,每个村采取入户调查的方式随机调查50名村民,共收回有效问卷196份。数据分析方法包括秩和检验和Logistic多元回归分析。结果被调查对象的艾滋病一般知识知晓率与其对艾滋病感染者的态度相关(r=0.2916,P<0.01),但是与相关行为无关。艾滋病传播途径相关知识知晓与态度相关(r=0.4444,P<0.01),与行为也相关(r=0.3525,P<0.01)。对艾滋病感染者的态度与其相关行为呈现相关(r=0.6523,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,传播途径知识知晓率、性别和婚姻状况是艾滋病歧视态度的影响因素,而影响歧视行为的因素为传播途径知识知晓率。结论艾滋病传播途径知识知晓率与艾滋病歧视态度和行为密切相关,在消除艾滋病歧视的策略制定上,要特别关注对艾滋病传播途径和非传播途径的宣传教育,从而减少艾滋病歧视现象。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of rural residents’ discrimination attitude and behaviors on HIV-infected persons, and provide the basis for formulating and perfecting policies or strategies to eliminate AIDS discrimination. Methods Two villages were randomly selected from Xiangcheng District and Nanzhang County in Xiangfan City. Fifty villagers were randomly investigated by household survey in each village, and 196 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Data analysis methods include rank sum test and Logistic multiple regression analysis. Results The respondents’ awareness rate of AIDS general knowledge was correlated with their attitude towards HIV-infected persons (r = 0.2916, P <0.01), but not with related behaviors. Awareness of HIV / AIDS related to knowledge was associated with attitudes (r = 0.4444, P <0.01) and behavioral (r = 0.3525, P <0.01). Attitudes towards people living with HIV correlated with their behaviors (r = 0.6523, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge of transmission knowledge, gender and marital status were the influencing factors of HIV / AIDS discrimination attitude, while the factors influencing discrimination were knowledge of transmission knowledge. Conclusion The knowledge of AIDS transmission is closely related to the attitude and behavior of AIDS discrimination. In the formulation of strategies to eliminate AIDS discrimination, special attention should be given to education on HIV transmission and non-transmission ways so as to reduce AIDS discrimination.