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目的深入评价HIV感染者的IgA类免疫反应。方法将IgA类免疫反应产物分解为游离IgA、复合IgA和IgA／C3双特异性免疫复合物（IgA／C3—TCIC）三种组分，分别采用单向扩散法和ELISA技术进行分析。结果对68例无症状HIV感染者、120例AIDS患者和36例健康对照者的研究表明，HIV感染者的游离和复合IgA显著升高，IgA／C3—TCIC则明显下降，三者变化均与病情有一定关系，且其水平均在p24阳性组显著高于p24阴性组。游离IgA与CD4和CD4／CD8比率呈负相关，而与复合IgA和IgA／C3—TCIC呈正相关，但复合IgA和IgA／C3—TCIC间无明显相关性。结论不同IgA类组分的免疫学意义有差异，其中复合IgA和IgA／C3—TCIC是判断HIV感染早期及其进展的良好指标，而游离IgA不失为反映HIV感染后期的一个特征性指标。患者血清IgA显著升高可能与抑制性T细胞的数量下降和功能障碍有关。并提出可考虑通过干扰复合IgA的形成和促进复合IgA的清除等途径来作为治疗疾病的新手段。
Objective In-depth evaluation of IgA-like immune responses in HIV-infected individuals. Methods The IgA immunoreactive products were dissociated into three components, IgA / IgA / C3 IgA / IgA / C3-TCIC, and analyzed by unidirectional diffusion and ELISA respectively. Results 68 cases of asymptomatic HIV infection, 120 cases of AIDS patients and 36 healthy controls showed that the IgA / C3-TCIC of IgA / C3-TCIC significantly increased in HIV-infected patients The condition has a certain relationship, and its level was significantly higher in p24-positive group than in p24-negative group. Free IgA was negatively correlated with the ratio of CD4 and CD4 / CD8, but positively correlated with IgA and IgA / C3-TCIC, but there was no significant correlation between IgA and IgA / C3-TCIC. Conclusions The immunological significance of different IgA components is different. Complex IgA and IgA / C3-TCIC are good indicators to judge the early stage of HIV infection and its progress, while free IgA is a characteristic index reflecting the latter stage of HIV infection. Patients with significant serum IgA may be related to the decline in the number of inhibitory T cells and dysfunction. And suggested that it could be considered as a new means to treat diseases by interfering with the formation of complex IgA and promoting the clearance of complex IgA.