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【目的】探讨孤独症谱系障碍(autisms disorder,ASD)儿童早期智能特征和治疗效果,为早期干预和判断预后提供依据。【方法】对治疗的106例ASD儿童和35例智能发育落后儿童用Gesell发育诊断量表进行发育评估,并对其中治疗满半年的28例ASD儿童和6名智能发育落后儿童进行治疗后评估,将各组结果进行对比。【结果】106例ASD儿童智能测评结果:适应性DQ51.65±19.46,大运动57.14±16.22,精细运动54.46±18.36,语言42±16.14,个人-社交45.25±10.61。智能发育迟滞组儿童35人,适应性DQ48.11±16.75,大运动DQ51.27±18.42,精细运动DQ48.78±18.91,语言DQ39.99±16.17,个人-社交DQ48.08±17.44。ASD儿童五个能区均明显落后于同龄儿童,其中语言和个人-社会能区明显低于大运动能区和精细运动能区。与智能发育迟滞儿童比较:适应性、大运动、精细运动高于智能发育迟滞组,语言,社交稍低于智能发育迟滞组,但各能区差异无统计学意义。【结论】ASD儿童经积极干预进步显著于智能发育迟滞儿童。
【Objective】 To investigate the characteristics of early intelligence and treatment in children with autism disorder (ASD), and provide evidence for early intervention and prognosis. 【Methods】 A total of 106 children with ASD and 35 children with intellectual underdevelopment were enrolled in the study. The Gesell developmental diagnostic scale was used to assess the development. 28 ASD children and 6 children with intellectual underdevelopment were evaluated after six months of treatment. The results of each group were compared. 【Results】 The results of intelligent evaluation of 106 children with ASD were: adaptive DQ 51.65 ± 19.46, large movement 57.14 ± 16.22, fine movement 54.46 ± 18.36, language 42 ± 16.14 and personal-social 45.25 ± 10.61. There were 35 children with mental retardation, adaptive DQ48.11 ± 16.75, large exercise DQ 51.27 ± 18.42, fine motor DQ 48.78 ± 18.91, language DQ39.99 ± 16.17 and individual-social DQ48.08 ± 17.44. The ASD children’s five energy areas are significantly behind the children of the same age, of which language and individual - social energy area was significantly lower than the large motor energy zone and fine motor energy zone. Compared with children with mental retardation, adaptability, large exercise and fine exercise were higher than those with mental retardation. Language and social skills were slightly lower than those with mental retardation, but there was no significant difference among different regions. 【Conclusion】 The progress of active intervention in children with ASD is significant in children with mental retardation.