脑膜炎是中枢神经系统感染中一种常见的临床症候群,可由多种原因引起。典型脑膜炎的诊断(包括病原诊断)并不困难,但非典型病例的诊断却并不容易。近年来,由于某些药物(抗菌素、免疫抑制剂、抗代谢药物等)的应用,对机体或病原体产生一定的影响,以致脑膜炎的临床表现或/及实验室检查特点等发生了变化,使诊断更为困难,造成不少的误诊或漏诊。其次,某些全身性疾病有时也有“脑膜炎”样的表现,因此使脑膜炎本身的诊断更加复杂。 Meningitis is a common clinical syndrome in central nervous system infections that can be caused by a variety of causes. The diagnosis of typical meningitis (including pathogen diagnosis) is not difficult, but the diagnosis of atypical cases is not easy. In recent years, some of the drugs (antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, antimetabolites, etc.) have some impact on the body or pathogens, resulting in changes in the clinical manifestations of meningitis and / or laboratory features Diagnosis is more difficult, resulting in a lot of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Second, some systemic diseases sometimes have “meningitis” -like manifestations, thus complicating the diagnosis of meningitis itself.