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本文选取了中国中西部两省区两条典型新型干法熟料生产线作为实证研究对象,采用目前主流的几种方法进行测算,并通过比较分析探讨了结果发生偏差的原因。研究认为:①单纯从熟料中CaO和MgO反推或者采用国际标准默认值,必然会高估水泥生产工艺排放系数,原因是生料中掺入CaO含量较高的电石渣、钢渣、硫酸渣等替代原料时,工艺排放系数明显减小,优良做法是获取使用替代原料的种类和在生料物料中CaO和MgO的平均占比,折算成一个参数,对熟料法进行修正;②中国水泥生产燃料以烟煤为主,燃料燃烧碳排放系数应在(250～350)kgCO2/t熟料范围内,排放系数低于IPCC标准默认值27%以上;③中国区域电网CO2排放因子较CSI默认值高出25%左右,更符合中国实际情况;④中国实际水泥熟料比在65%左右,由于缺少中国的工厂级数据,国外对中国水泥排放系数至少有10%以上高估,导致估算值高于中国实际水泥生产CO2排放量。另外,还针对中国水泥生产实际,提出四点碳减排措施。
In this paper, two typical new dry-process clinker production lines in the central and western provinces of China are selected as the empirical research object. Several mainstream methods are used to calculate the current situation and the reasons for the deviation are discussed through comparative analysis. The study shows that: (1) CaO and MgO alone can reverse the thrust or adopt the international standard default values, which inevitably overestimate the emission factor of cement production process. The reason is that the raw material incorporates carbide slag, steel slag and sulfuric acid slag with high CaO content And other alternative raw materials, the process emission factor decreased significantly, the good practice is to get the type of alternative raw materials and raw materials in the average proportion of CaO and MgO, converted into a parameter, the clinker method to be amended; ② China Cement The main fuel for production is bituminous coal. The fuel combustion carbon emission coefficient should be within the range of (250-350) kgCO2 / t clinker and the emission coefficient is below 27% of the default value of the IPCC standard. (3) The CO2 emission factor of China’s regional power grid is higher than the CSI default value Higher than about 25%, more in line with China’s actual situation; ④ China’s actual cement clinker ratio of about 65%, due to the lack of China’s factory-level data, foreign cement emission factors in China at least 10% or more overestimated, leading to high estimates CO2 emissions from China’s actual cement production. In addition, also for China’s actual cement production, proposed four-point carbon emission reduction measures.