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柔性梁的刚度性能影响风洞盒式应变天平的精准度,是发动机试验台测力试验数据精确可靠的重要保证,而柔性铰链更是柔性梁设计的关键所在。首先,借助有限元分析方法对四种典型柔性铰链进行计算分析,优选出综合刚性最好的柔性铰链形式;其次,基于选择的柔性铰链形式,研究三个关键结构参数对铰链刚度的影响;最后,设计五种不同厚度的柔性梁进行有限元分析,并加工实物模型进行加载试验验证。结果表明:铰链宽度b=40mm、半径R=5mm、最小厚度t=4mm时双圆弧柔性梁的综合刚度最好,且侧向柔度大,轴向刚度优;有限元计算值和试验值吻合良好,误差小于5%,表明将有限元方法运用于柔性梁的设计优化是可行、可靠的。
The rigidity of flexible beam affects the accuracy of wind tunnel strain gauge. It is an important guarantee for the accurate and reliable data of dynamometer test on engine test bed. The flexible hinge is the key point of flexible beam design. Firstly, the four typical flexible hinges are calculated and analyzed by means of finite element analysis (FEM), and the best form of flexible hinges is selected. Secondly, the influence of three key structural parameters on the hinge stiffness is studied based on the selected flexible hinges. Finally, Five different thicknesses of flexible beams were designed for finite element analysis. The physical model was processed for loading test. The results show that the flexural rigidity of the double circular arc flexible beam is the best when the width of the hinge is b = 40mm, the radius is R = 5mm and the minimum thickness is t = 4mm, and the lateral flexibility is good and the axial stiffness is excellent. The good agreement is good, the error is less than 5%, which shows that it is feasible and reliable to apply the finite element method to the design of flexible beam.