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为探究重度林火对森林土壤生境因子的影响,以大兴安岭林区火烧迹地为研究对象,监测了火烧迹地和对照样地12个土壤生境因子在3年内的变化。结果表明:1年时间范围内重度林火减小了枯落物层厚度,降低土壤含水率、土壤容重、水稳性团聚体、有机质含量和微生物量碳,但提高了地表午间均温和土壤p H值,增加了土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷、代换性盐基的含量;而3年时间范围内重度林火导致有的土壤生境因子与对照样地差异越来越大,如枯落物层厚度、土壤有机质含量、土壤容重、水稳性团聚体和硝态氮含量,而有的土壤生境因子则表现出恢复的趋势,如土壤含水率、地表午间均温、土壤p H值、铵态氮含量、有效磷含量、代换性盐基含量和土壤微生物量碳。研究重度林火对各土壤生境因子的影响可为土壤生境质量的评价工作提供基础数据。
In order to explore the influence of severe forest fire on forest soil habitat factors, the fire burned area of Daxinganling forest area was taken as the research object to monitor the changes of 12 soil habitat factors in the burned area and the control plot in three years. The results showed that severe forest fire reduced the litter layer thickness and decreased the soil moisture content, soil bulk density, water-stable aggregates, organic matter content and microbial biomass carbon, but increased the mean surface soil PM H value increased soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, substitutional base content; and heavy forest fire caused the difference of some habitats with the control sample in three years time range, Such as litter layer thickness, soil organic matter content, soil bulk density, water stable aggregates and nitrate nitrogen content, while some soil habitat factors showed a recovery trend, such as soil moisture content, surface midday mean temperature, soil p H value, ammonium nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, substitutional base content and soil microbial biomass carbon. Studying the effect of severe forest fire on soil habitat factors can provide basic data for the evaluation of soil habitat quality.