目的分析医疗卫生监督员预防被追究责任的能力,发现不足,提出建议。方法采用分层抽样选取样本,通过信访问卷调查,对福建省医疗卫生监督员的职责认知、执法细节和职务追究情形等进行分析,并进行统计学分析。结果县级卫生监督员年龄偏大,学历水平偏低;不同级别的监督员对于监督执法细节认知有显著差异;培训时间有明确规定的机构,组织监督员进行预防被责任追究培训的可能性更大;有参加专项培训的监督员对规避风险、责令整改的不规范行为处理掌握明显较好。结论优化年龄梯度和学历构成,以减少职务失误的发生;加大案件实践,注重经验交流与积累,在实践锻炼中提高其执法细节的操作能力;注重落实业务知识培训和预防被责任追究的专项培训,提高其严格依法行政和规避风险意识能力。 Objective To analyze the ability of medical and health supervisors to prevent being held accountable, to find out the problems and to make suggestions. Methods The samples were selected by stratified sampling, and the questionnaire survey was used to analyze the duty cognition, law enforcement details and job posting situation of medical and health supervisors in Fujian Province, and to make statistical analysis. Results The county health supervisors were older and had a lower level of education. The supervisors at different levels had significant differences in the awareness of the details of supervision and enforcement. The agencies and supervisors with clearly defined training time had the possibility of being trained in the prevention of responsibility. Greater; to participate in special training of supervisors to avoid risks, order rectification of non-standard behavior to handle obviously better. Conclusions Optimize the age gradient and academic structure to reduce the occurrence of job errors; increase case practice, pay attention to the exchange of experiences and accumulation, and enhance the operational capability of law enforcement details in practical training; pay special attention to the implementation of business knowledge training and prevention accountability Training, improve their strict administration according to law and avoid risk awareness.