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美国和日本作为农业国际竞争优势较弱的国家,一直对农业进行了多层次的保护。随着多边贸易体制的建立和完善,世贸组织对各成员国的约束性不断加强,美国和日本也根据形势的变化而对农业保护的手段进行调整,其基本要旨是:在不明显违背世贸组织规则的前提下,通过对“合规性”贸易壁垒的运用,尽量对本国农业提供最有效的保护。由于日本与美国的具体国情有别,使得美日在运用“合规性贸易壁垒”实行农业策略性保护时,既有相似性,也体现了较大差异。
As a country with weaker international competitiveness in agriculture, the United States and Japan have all along been providing multi-level protection to agriculture. With the establishment and improvement of the multilateral trade system, the binding WTO has continuously strengthened its member states. The United States and Japan have also adjusted the means of agricultural protection in light of changes in the situation. The basic thrust of the proposal is that, without obvious contravention of the WTO, Under the premise of the rules, through the use of “compliance” trade barriers, try our best to provide the most effective protection for our agriculture. Because Japan and the United States have different national conditions, the United States and Japan have both similarities and greater differences in using the “trade barriers of compliance” to implement strategic agricultural protection.