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文章的目的是探讨认知与动词词汇语义结构及句子语义结构的关系。文中采用了在词汇分解基础上发展起来的语义结构分析法。文章认为,在认知过程中,人们将外部世界各种过程归纳为不同的完形模式,通过选择而记录在动词词义中,形成不同类型的词汇语义结构。这些完形模式之间存在着各种联系。在用相关动词描述客观过程时,说话者根据需要选择相关动词词义所涉及的完形模式作为句子表达范围,对原有词汇语义结构或保持,或压缩,或扩展,形成句子语义结构。因此,认知对动词和句子语义结构的形成起着重要的制约作用。
The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between cognition and the semantic structure of verbs and the semantic structure of sentences. The article uses the semantic structure analysis method developed on the basis of lexical decomposition. The article holds that in the process of cognition, people classify the various processes of the external world into different cloze patterns, and record them in the lexical meaning of verbs through selection to form different types of lexical semantic structures. There are various links between these cloze patterns. When using objective verbs to describe the objective process, the speaker chooses the conformal patterns involved in the verb’s semantic meaning as the scope of sentence expression according to the need, and maintains or compresses or expands the semantic structure of the original words to form the sentence semantic structure. Therefore, cognition plays an important role in the formation of the semantic structure of verbs and sentences.