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目的了解青海省少数民族聚居农牧区儿童监护人对预防接种知识的认知和行为态度,为制定免疫规划传播策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,对703名儿童监护人进行问卷调查。结果少数民族聚居的农牧区儿童监护人对预防接种知识了解不够,自主接种意识薄弱。不同民族儿童监护人在预防接种知识的掌握和主动开展疫苗接种方面差异有统计学意义。医务人员和电视广播是儿童监护人获取信息的主要渠道,且也希望今后继续通过这两种途径获得。结论针对不同人群制定不同的传播策略,重点通过医务人员和广播电视途径开展免疫规划知识宣传,提高公众参与免疫规划服务的主动性。
Objective To understand the cognitive and behavioral attitudes of guardians of children and adolescents inhabiting in rural and pastoral areas inhabited by Qinghai province to provide a basis for the development of immunization planning and communication strategies. Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was used to investigate 703 child guardians. Results The guardians of children and adolescents living in ethnic minorities in rural and pastoral areas did not know enough about vaccination knowledge and had a weak awareness of autonomous vaccination. The guardians of children of different ethnic groups had statistically significant differences in the knowledge of vaccination and in the initiative of vaccination. Medical staff and television broadcasting are the main sources of information for guardians of children, and they also hope that they will continue to be available in both ways in the future. Conclusions Different communication strategies are formulated for different groups of people, focusing on the publicity of immunization planning knowledge through medical personnel and radio and television channels, and improving public participation in immunization planning services.