采用两步法合成了直径分别为 782 ,977,10 2 7,116 0和 132 4nm的SiO2 胶体颗粒 ,透射电子显微镜显示颗粒尺寸的平均标准偏差小于 5 % .具有较好的单分散性 .通过调节SiO2 胶体颗粒悬浮液中介质粘度的方法 ,拓宽了重力沉降自组装的尺寸范围 ,得到了颗粒直径为 70 0— 130 0nm的合成蛋白石 ,扫描电子显微镜图像显示它们为面心立方结构 ,透射谱表征显示它们具有一定的光子带隙 The SiO2 colloidal particles with diameters of 782, 977, 1027, 116 and 132nm were synthesized by a two-step method. The average standard deviation of particle size was less than 5% by transmission electron microscopy, and the monodisperse property was better. Colloidal particle suspension in the media viscosity method to broaden the size range of self-assembly of gravity sedimentation obtained particles with a diameter of 70 0-130 0nm synthetic opal, scanning electron microscopy images show that they are face-centered cubic structure, transmission spectrum characterization showed They have a certain photonic bandgap