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目的分析脑血管疾病患者在计算机体层摄影(computerized tomography,CT)增强扫描中药物过敏反应的预防和护理方法。方法收集2014年3月至2016年12月吉林油田总医院和吉林油田江北医院收治的157例行CT增强扫描的脑血管疾病患者的临床资料,其中13例患者出现药物过敏反应。总结过敏反应患者的发病时间、临床症状,以及抢救和护理措施。结果本组患者在应用造影剂(碘海醇)后有13例出现不同程度的过敏反应,临床表现为皮肤瘙痒4例,颜面潮红3例,头晕、头痛2例,胸闷、呼吸困难2例,呕吐1例,喉头痉挛1例。经及时抢救和对症护理后,本组13例患者的过敏症状均得到不同程度的缓解。结论非离子型碘造影剂安全有效、副作用少。在多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT,MSCT)增强扫描过程中,护理人员应该加强责任意识和风险防范意识,最大程度地规避医疗风险,更好地服务患者。
Objective To analyze the preventive and nursing methods of drug allergy in patients with cerebrovascular disease under computerized tomography (CT) enhanced scan. Methods The clinical data of 157 patients with cerebrovascular diseases undergoing CT enhanced scan from March 2014 to December 2016 in Jilin University Hospital and Jilin Oilfield Jiangbei Hospital were collected. Among them, 13 patients developed drug allergy. Summarize the onset time of allergic patients, clinical symptoms, and rescue and care measures. Results In this group of patients, 13 cases showed different degrees of allergic reaction after using contrast agent (iohexol). The clinical manifestations were pruritus in 4 cases, facial flushing in 3 cases, dizziness, headache in 2 cases, chest tightness and dysparea in 2 cases, 1 case of vomiting, 1 case of laryngeal spasm. After timely rescue and symptomatic care, the group of 13 patients with allergic symptoms have been varying degrees of relief. Conclusion Nonionic iodine contrast agent is safe and effective with few side effects. During multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) enhanced scanning, nurses should strengthen their sense of responsibility and risk prevention so as to avoid medical risks and serve their patients better.