为了解我国农村卫生厕所建设的意义、卫生厕所及无害化卫生厕所类型、2006-2008年我国卫生厕所普及状况。笔者对我国近5年国内农村卫生厕所方面公开发表的论文、报道进行综合分析。结果显示农村卫生厕所建设对预防肠道传染病及寄生虫病的发生、促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化、改善农村环境卫生、提高农民健康意识均有帮助。1993年在全国29个省、市、自治区调查发现共有12种卫生厕所;2006年由卫生部组织对全国657个县14 036户调查发现主要有三格式、双瓮式、沼气池式、粪尿分集式、完整水冲式、卫生公厕等类型卫生厕所。改厕前与改厕后其肠道传染病和腹泻病的总发病率由6.99‰降到3.40‰,下降了51.4%。2011年全国卫生厕所普及率69.2%。是一项改善人类生存环境,减少疾病传播,提高广大农民的生活质量、健康素质、文明素质的一项“民心工程”。需进行无生化效果评价,各部门应齐抓共管做好改厕工作。 In order to understand the significance of the construction of sanitary latrines in rural areas in our country, the types of sanitary latrines and non-decontaminated sanitary latrines, the status of sanitary latrines in China in 2006-2008. The author made a comprehensive analysis of the papers and reports publicly published in the domestic rural sanitary latrines in China in the past five years. The results show that the construction of rural sanitary latrines can help to prevent the occurrence of intestinal infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, promote the gradual equalization of basic public health services, improve rural environmental hygiene and enhance farmers’ health awareness. In 1993, a total of 12 sanitary latrines were found in 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country. In 2006, a survey of 14 036 households in 657 counties in China was conducted by the Ministry of Health. There are three major types of survey: Type, complete water rushing, public toilets and other types of sanitary toilets. The total incidence of intestinal infectious diseases and diarrheal diseases before and after toilet restroom decreased from 6.99 ‰ to 3.40 ‰, a decrease of 51.4%. In 2011, the national sanitary latrine penetration rate was 69.2%. Is a project to improve people’s living environment, reduce the spread of diseases and improve the quality of life, health quality and civilized quality of the majority of peasants. Biochemical evaluation of the need for non-performing, all departments should make concerted efforts to do toilet work.