Analytical formulas for a class of tunable random electromagnetic beams propagating in a turbulent atmosphere through a complex optical system are derived with the help of a tensor method. One finds that the far field intensity distribution is tunable by
We present an ultrabroadband, high-speed wavelength-swept source based on a self-modulated femtosecond oscillator. Photonic crystal fiber was pumped by a mode-locked
In this paper, we propose and numerically investigate a novel circular lattice photonic crystal fiber (CL-PCF) using controllable GeO2 doped silica, suitable for modes carrying quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM). Large effective index sep
The influence of p-type GaN (pGaN) thickness on the light output power (LOP) and internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of light emitting diode (LED) was studied by experiments and simulations. The LOP of GaN-based LED increases as the thickness of pGaN layer