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运用新的石灰性土壤无机磷分级方法研究了冀南麦稻轮作高产区土壤无机磷的形态 ,水溶性磷肥施于稻季和施于麦季土壤中的转化特性。研究结果表明 ,麦稻轮作土壤中无机磷以Ca -P为主 ,Ca -P占无机磷总量的6 6 9% ,Ca10 -P占Ca -P的 5 7.6 % ,Ca8-P、Ca2 -P分别占 37.2 %和 5 .2 % ;Al-P、Fe -P和O -P占无机磷总量的11 4%、11.2 %和 10 .5 %。在麦稻轮作中 ,水溶性磷肥短期内只转化为Ca2 -P、Ca8-P、Al-P和Fe -P ,几乎不向O -P和Ca10 -P转化 ;磷肥施于小麦季和施于水稻季无明显转化区别 ,施肥后当季作物各有效无机磷较高。磷肥用量与土壤中Ca2 -P、Ca8-P、Al-P和Fe -P呈显著正相关关系。小麦有效磷源为Ca2 -P、Ca8-P、Al-P和Fe-P ,而水稻有效磷源为Ca2 -P、Fe -P、Ca8-P、Al-P和O -P。磷肥用在水稻季土壤积累态磷比用在小麦季高1 6 %～ 2 0 % ,而作物磷肥的利用率低 1.0 %～ 2 .0 %。
A new calcareous soil inorganic phosphorus fractionation method was used to study the forms of inorganic phosphorus in the high-yield wheat-wheat rotation croplands in southern Hebei and the transformation characteristics of water-soluble phosphate fertilizers applied in the paddy field and in the wheat-season soil. The results showed that the content of inorganic phosphorus in wheat was dominated by Ca-P, Ca-P accounted for 69.9%, Ca10-P accounted for 7.66% of Ca-P, Ca-P and Ca2- P accounted for 37.2% and 5.2% respectively, while Al-P, Fe-P and O-P accounted for 114%, 11.2% and 10.5% of the total amount of inorganic phosphorus, respectively. In the wheat-wheat rotation, water-soluble phosphate was only converted to Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P in the short term and hardly changed to O-P and Ca10-P; There was no significant difference in rice season, and the available inorganic phosphorus in crop was higher after fertilization. There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of phosphate fertilizer and soil Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P. Available phosphorus sources were Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P, while available phosphorus sources were Ca2-P, Fe-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and O-P in wheat. Phosphate fertilizer used in paddy soil accumulates more phosphorus in the wheat season than the use of 16% ~ 20%, while the utilization of crop phosphate fertilizer is lower 1.0% ~ 2.0%.