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目的 研究适合出国劳务人员特点的艾滋病健康教育内容、方法及劳务人员在境外期间的同伴教育方法 ,探讨健康教育的长期效果。方法 用流行病学类实验的研究方法对铁道部某公司的 2 60名劳务人员在出国前进行了健康教育。两年后 ,对回国的 1 72名劳务人员进行健康教育长期效果评价。结果 劳务人员回国后总体知识得分指数提高 ,平均综合知识得分提高。对自慰行为持宽容态度的 ,认为讲授避孕套知识不是教唆的 ,认为使用避孕套可减少性传播疾病的比例 ,出国后均高于出国前。劳务人员回国时HIV抗体检测结果均为阴性。结论 既要对劳务人员进行基本知识、性道德教育 ,也要本标兼治。讲解避孕套和手淫等的知识 ,都有利于劳务人员在境外期间预防。同伴教育对劳务人员在境外期间预防发挥良好作用。
Objective To study the contents and methods of AIDS health education suitable for the characteristics of laborers going abroad, and the methods of peer education for laborers abroad, and discuss the long-term effects of health education. METHODS: Using the epidemiological research method, the 60 employees of a company in the Ministry of Railways conducted a health education before going abroad. Two years later, the long-term effects of the health education of 1,72 laborers returning home were evaluated. Results The overall knowledge score index of the service personnel after returning home improved, and the average comprehensive knowledge score increased. Those who are tolerant of masturbation behavior believe that the teaching of condoms is not instructive. They believe that the use of condoms can reduce the proportion of sexually transmitted diseases, which are higher after going abroad than before going abroad. HIV antibody test results were negative when workers returned to China. Conclusion It is necessary to carry out basic knowledge and sexual moral education for the laborers, but also to apply the standard. Explaining knowledge such as condoms and masturbation is conducive to the prevention of labor workers while abroad. Peer education plays a good role in preventing laborers from working outside China.