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目的了解广西农村人群乙型病毒性肝炎病毒(HBV)血清学流行现状,为乙肝防治工作提供科学依据。方法以分层抽样方法对广西东部、西部、南部、北部、中部5个人口约1000的自然村人群进行调查,抽取空腹静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)检测HBV血清标志物。结果人群HBsAg阳性率、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)阳性率分别为8.80%、58.70%、59.93%。男性HBsAg阳性率高于女性(P﹤0.001)。不同年龄组、不同地区HBsAg、抗-HBs及抗-HBc阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均﹤0.001),不同民族HB-sAg、抗-HBc阳性率差异也均有统计学意义(P均﹤0.001)。1～4岁及5～14岁儿童的抗-HBs阳性率分别为55.48%,46.05%。1～14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率低于15～89岁人群(P﹤0.001)。30岁前HBsAg阳性率呈上升趋势,30～35岁达最高峰,35岁后HBsAg阳性率呈下降趋势。结论广西农村仍然是乙型肝炎高度流行区,加强儿童乙肝疫苗接种仍是乙肝防控的重点。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serogroups in Guangxi rural population and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B infection. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to survey five villages in the eastern, western, southern, northern and central Guangxi with a population of about 1000. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for detection of serum HBV markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The positive rates of HBsAg, HBsAg and anti-HBc were 8.80%, 58.70% and 59.93% respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in males was higher than that in females (P <0.001). The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in different age groups and in different areas were significantly different (all P <0.001), and there were also significant differences in the positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc in different ethnic groups (P All <0.001). The positive rates of anti-HBs in children aged 1 to 4 and 5 to 14 years were 55.48% and 46.05%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 1-14 was lower than that in children aged 15-89 (P <0.001). The positive rate of HBsAg in 30 years old is on the rise, the highest is in 30 ~ 35 years old, and the positive rate of HBsAg is on the decline after 35 years old. Conclusion Guangxi is still a highly endemic area of hepatitis B, and strengthening hepatitis B vaccination in children is still the focus of hepatitis B prevention and control.