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在中国,行政效能一直是各级政府最关心和重视的目标,各级政府在提高行政效能方面也有一套比较熟稔的做法。然而,效能高并不等于效果好。在现代社会利益分化、价值多元的背景下,真正效能高且效果好的政府必须要善于发挥社会和市场自身的功能。而社会和市场是否能够有效配置资源、政府是否能够得到公众的信任和支持,都需要培育社会资本。社会资本具有提高社会信任程度、促进社会合作、降低交易费用、减少投机行为的作用,能够促进社会和市场正向配置资源,为政府施政创造良好条件。可以从三方面培育社会资本:一是建立严格的社会信用制度;二是切实保证政府自身的廉洁、公正;三是大力发展各类社会组织,提高社会的自组织程度。
In China, administrative efficiency has always been the most concerned and valued goal of governments at all levels. Governments at all levels also have a relatively familiar approach to improving administrative efficiency. However, high efficiency does not mean effective. Under the conditions of the diversified interests and the diversity of values in modern society, a truly effective and effective government must be good at giving full play to its own social and market functions. Whether the society and the market can allocate resources effectively or not, whether the government can get public trust and support, we need to cultivate social capital. Social capital has the function of raising the level of social trust, promoting social cooperation, reducing transaction costs and reducing speculative activities, and can promote social and market forward allocation of resources and create favorable conditions for government’s governance. Social capital can be nurtured from three aspects: one is the establishment of a strict system of social credit; the other is to ensure that the government itself is honest and fair; and the other is to vigorously develop various kinds of social organizations and improve the self-organization of the society.