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目的探讨社区分级管理对糖尿病足危险因素的控制效果。方法选取该社区内77例糖尿病患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组38例与对照组39例,对两组患者的糖尿病足危险因素进行综合性评估,根据其危险程度分高危、中危、低危。观察组对患者不同的危险程度实施不同的管理措施;对照组则统一实施常规糖尿病健康教育措施;随访24个月,观察统计两组患者控制效果。结果两组患者糖尿病足溃疡发生率均得到改善(P>0.05);观察组中高危、中危患者下降率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组踝肱指数(ABI)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者关于糖尿病足知识显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论社区分级管理对糖尿病足危险因素控制效果显著,提高患者自我管理、自我护理能力,改善患者各项代谢指标,有效预防了糖尿病足的发生。
Objective To explore the effect of community-level management on the risk factors of diabetic foot. Methods Totally 77 diabetic patients in this community were selected as study object and randomly divided into observation group (38 cases) and control group (39 cases). The risk factors of diabetic foot were evaluated comprehensively in both groups. According to their risk level, Low risk. The observation group conducted different management measures on different risk levels of the patients; the control group unified the implementation of routine diabetes health education measures; after 24 months’ follow-up, the control effects of the two groups were observed and counted. Results The incidence of diabetic foot ulcers in both groups were improved (P> 0.05). The decline rates of high-risk and intermediate-risk patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) (P <0.05). The knowledge about diabetic foot in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Community-based management has significant effects on the control of risk factors of diabetic foot, improving self-management and self-care ability of patients and improving various metabolic indexes of patients, effectively preventing the occurrence of diabetic foot.