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根据1980～2006年期间溃坝的小型水库数据,从不同历史阶段、坝型、坝高、决口部位、溃坝原因、溃坝月份、溃坝所在地区等多方面进行分类统计,阐述了小型水库溃坝的成因与规律。目前,年溃坝座数和年溃坝率较低,研究认为通过完善的水库法规化、规范化管理,并结合病险水库除险加固工程建设,我国小型水库的安全管理水平得到较大提升。还从综合统计和典型案例中总结小型水库溃坝防治经验,针对不同原因引起的溃坝,如溢洪道过小及溢洪道堵塞、质量问题包括新老坝体结合处渗漏、管理不当等,初步探究了加强小型水库安全管理的对策措施。
According to the data of small reservoir dam breached during the period from 1980 to 2006, the disaggregated statistics are made from different historical stages, such as dam type, dam height, breach point, reason of dam breaching, month of dam breaching, area of dam breach, etc. The small reservoirs Causes and rules of dam failure. At present, the number of annual dam breaches and the annual dam-break rate are relatively low. It is believed that the safety management of small reservoirs in our country has been greatly improved through the improvement of regularization and standardized management of reservoirs and the construction of dangerous reservoirs for reinforcement and reinforcement. In addition, summarizing the experience of prevention and control of dam breach in small reservoirs from comprehensive statistics and typical cases. According to the dam breach caused by different reasons, such as the spillway being too small and the spillway blocked, the quality problems including the leakage of old and new dam bodies, improper management and so on Measures to strengthen the safety management of small reservoirs.