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本文借助优选论(OT)句法的框架,在基于VP为双层复合结构、NP内生于VP外论元、虚词there直接从词库读取、存现句中的NP为呈现焦点等假设之上,利用ALIGN-PRES-FOCUS、CASEnom、OB-SPEC和FULL-INT的制约条件及其等级排列,对英语存现句进行了优选论分析。存现句中的NP内生于VP的外论元,从而获得主格形式,但呈现焦点对句法的制约条件ALIGN-PRES-FOCUS抑制了VP后NP的提升,从而使其格位无法获得标记,违反CASEnom。为了使句式满足OB-SPEC,说话者可以从词库中直接读取虚词there,或者提升方位短语LP,用于填充IP的标志语位置。
In this paper, based on the OT (OT) syntax framework, VP is a double-layer compound structure, NP is born outside of VP, the dummy word there is directly read from the thesaurus, the NP in the existing sentence is the focal point On the basis of the constraints of ALIGN-PRES-FOCUS, CASEnom, OB-SPEC and FULL-INT and their rankings, the prepositional analysis of English Existential Sentences is carried out. The NP in the existential sentence is born in the VP of external argument, so as to obtain the main form, but the focus of the constraints on the syntax ALIGN-PRES-FOCUS inhibited the post-VP NP to enhance, so that the lattice can not be marked, Violation of CASEnom. In order for the sentence to satisfy OB-SPEC, the speaker can read the virtual word there directly from the thesaurus, or raise the position phrase LP to fill in the IP’s tagline position.