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目的调查北京市怀柔区山区中、小学结核病感染情况,并采取相应干预措施。方法对中、小学生进行结核菌素试验(PPD),并对其感染特点进行分析。结果初中、小学一年级新生结素试验阴性率(≤4mm)分别为55.6%、78.4%。结素试验阳性率(≥5mm)分别为44.4%,21.6%,结素试验强阳性率(≥15mm)分别为13.5%、2.8%,各年级阳性率及强阳性率均有显著差别。有结核病接触史的学生强阳性为47.2%,无接触史的7.8%,高39.4个百分点。受结核菌感染的学生有33.8%接受了抗结核药物化学预防。结论把中、小学生作为结核病预防治疗对象,是控制学校结核病流行及降低的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in primary and secondary schools in mountainous area of Huairou District of Beijing and take corresponding intervention measures. Methods The primary and secondary school students were tested for tuberculin (PPD), and their infection characteristics were analyzed. Results The rates of negative results (≤4mm) of junior freshmen and primary freshmen in primary freshmen were 55.6% and 78.4% respectively. The positive rate of nodulation test (≥5mm) was 44.4% and 21.6% respectively. The positive rate of nodulation test (≥15mm) was 13.5% and 2.8% respectively. There was a significant difference between the positive rate and the strong positive rate in each grade. Students with a history of TB exposure had strong positives of 47.2%, non-contact history of 7.8% and highs of 39.4%. 33.8% of students infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis received anti-TB drug chemoprevention. Conclusion It is an important measure to control primary and secondary school students to prevent and treat tuberculosis and control the prevalence and reduction of tuberculosis in schools.