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目的了解40岁以下青年人急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特点,分析其病因,危险因素,起病特点和预后。方法对55例40以下青年人急性心肌梗死进行临床分析,并与同期140例60岁以上的急性心肌梗死患者进行对比。结果青年组发病男、女比例为12.75:1,青年组以胸痛为首发症状占77.1%,与老年组50.7%相比差别显著(P<0.01),青年组吸烟为73.7%与老年组53.6%比较差异显著(P<0.01),青年组酗酒为50.9%与老年组26.4%相比差异显著(P<0.01),青年组家族史为43.6%与老年组34.2%比差异显著(P<0.01),青年组高血脂为42.6%与老年组27.3%相比差异显著(P<0.01)。急性期病死率青年组与老年组分别为6.6%和26.7%,差异比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论 40岁以下青年人急性心肌梗死发病率男性明显多于女性,吸烟、酗酒、家族史、高血脂是其首要危险因素,起病典型,并发症少,死亡率低,预后良好。
Objective To understand the clinical features of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young people under 40 years of age and analyze its etiology, risk factors, onset characteristics and prognosis. Methods 55 cases of acute myocardial infarction in 40 young people were analyzed and compared with 140 cases of acute myocardial infarction over 60 years old in the same period. Results The incidence of male and female in youth group was 12.75: 1. The first symptom of chest pain in youth group was 77.1%, which was significantly different from that of old group (50.7%) (P <0.01). The young group smoking 73.7% and old group 53.6% The difference was significant (P <0.01). The alcohol abuse rate was 50.9% in youth group and 26.4% in elderly group (P <0.01). The family history of youth group was 43.6% , 42.6% in the young group was significantly higher than that in the elderly group (27.3%) (P <0.01). The mortality rate of acute stage was 6.6% in young group and 26.7% in old group, the difference was significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The incidence of acute myocardial infarction in young people under 40 years of age is significantly higher than that of women. Smoking, alcoholism, family history and hyperlipidemia are the major risk factors. The onset is typical with few complications and low mortality rate. The prognosis is good.