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目的:探讨曲张大隐静脉源性血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)表型与功能的变化。方法:收集13例曲张大隐静脉(曲张组)与15例正常大隐静脉(正常组)标本,分离和培养两组标本中的VSMCs。检测两组VSMCs的增殖、迁移、黏附、衰老与骨架蛋白表达,以及凋亡相关因子与细胞外基质代谢相关因子的表达。结果:与正常组VSMCs比较,曲张组VSMCs骨架蛋白F-actin表达增加;增殖能力与迁移、黏附、衰老细胞数均明显增加(均P<0.05);促凋亡因子Bas与凋亡执行因子caspase-3的mRNA、蛋白表达明显降低,而凋亡抑制因子Bcl-2的mRNA、蛋白表达明显升高(均P<0.05);基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2、MMP-9)与基质金属蛋白酶抑制物(TIMP-1、TIMP-1)的mRNA、蛋白表达均明显升高(均P<0.05)。结论:曲张大隐静脉源性VSMCs有明显去分化现象,其增殖和合成能力增强,VSMCs表型和功能的异常可能是静脉曲张发病机制之一。
Objective: To investigate the changes of the phenotype and function of large intestinal capillary vascular cells (VSMCs). Methods: Thirteen cases of varicose saphenous vein (varicose vein) and 15 cases of normal saphenous vein (normal group) were collected and the VSMCs in both groups were isolated and cultured. The proliferation, migration, adhesion, senescence and skeletal protein expression of VSMCs in both groups were detected, as well as the expression of apoptosis related factors and extracellular matrix metabolism related factors. Results: Compared with VSMCs in normal group, the expression of F-actin increased in skeletal VSMCs, the proliferation ability and the number of migrating, adherent and senescent cells were significantly increased (all P <0.05); the expression of apoptosis-promoting factor Bas and apoptosis- (P <0.05). The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased, while the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2 were significantly increased (all P < (TIMP-1, TIMP-1) mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased (all P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The VSMCs of varicose saphenous vein are obviously dedifferentiated and their proliferation and synthesis ability are enhanced. The abnormal phenotype and function of VSMCs may be one of the pathogenesis of varicose veins.