HIV 感染者HIV 抗体阳性,这种患者不仅带有抗体,同时血液、体液中还带有感染性HIV。无症状病毒携带者、ARC(AIDS 相关综合征)和AIDS 患者一样都能成为感染源。因而,在HIV 感染情况下,进行血清病因学检查,不仅能提供过去感染HIV 的病因学所见,更重要的是,可以查出成为感染源的患者,即需要采取预防措施的对象。因此也产生了下列问题:在抗体检查之前必须征得被检者的同意,而且还有是告知患者检查结果,还是加以保密的问题。一、血清抗体检查法一般最常用的抗体检查法是ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定),广泛用来筛选供血者。因 HIV-positive HIV-infected patients, this patient not only with antibodies, but also blood, body fluids also with infectious HIV. Asymptomatic virus carriers, ARC (AIDS related syndromes) and AIDS patients can become the source of infection. Therefore, in the case of HIV infection, serum etiological examination can not only provide the past etiology of HIV infection, but more importantly, can be identified as the source of infection, that is, the need for preventive measures. As a result, the following problems have arisen: the consent of the subject must be obtained before the antibody test, and there is also a problem of informing the patient of the test result or secrecy. First, the serum antibody test method The most commonly used antibody test is ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), is widely used to screen blood donors. because