交感神经系统活性增强是心室血流动力学功能障碍的早期反应之一,刺激β-肾上腺素能受体(β-AR)可以诱导心肌细胞凋亡。内质网应激反应是新近发现的一条重要的细胞凋亡途径,主要是指未折叠或错误折叠蛋白的积累或细胞内钙离子稳态失衡,引起内质网功能紊乱的病理状态。在内质网应激早期,细胞本身会激活 Increased sympathetic nervous system activity is one of the early responses to ventricular hemodynamic dysfunction, and stimulation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress response is a newly discovered an important apoptotic pathway, mainly refers to the unfolded or misfolded protein accumulation or intracellular calcium homeostasis, causing endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction in the pathological state. Early in endoplasmic reticulum stress, the cells themselves are activated