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应用特征线理论建立了一维瞬时全溃洪水在下游无水、斜底、梯形河道中演进的解析模型,结果显示Ritter解为本文模型在平坡底、矩形断面河道下的一个特解。依据导出的解析模型,对河道底坡的影响进行了分析计算,表明正坡会加速溃坝洪水的演进而逆坡有阻滞作用,而且这种底坡促流或阻流效应具有随时间增长的特点。
The analytic model of one-dimensional transient collapse flood in the waterless, inclined bottom and trapezoidal channels is established by using the characteristic line theory. The results show that the Ritter solution is a special solution of this model under the flat bottom and the rectangular section of the channel. According to the derived analytical model, the influence of the slope on the river is analyzed and calculated, which shows that the positive slope will accelerate the evolution of dam break flood and reverse the slope has a retardation effect, and the slope flow or flow blocking effect with the growth over time specialty.