肝硬化是一种较常见的慢性肝病,该病是由一种或多种病因的长期或反复作用而引起的肝脏弥漫性损害。在临床上,早期肝硬化患者由于其肝脏的功能有较强的代偿能力,可能没有明显的症状。随着病情的加重,这类患者会因为身体的多个系统受损而出现以肝功能损害和门脉高压为主的临床表现,并常出现消化道出血、肝性脑病、继发性感染和癌变等严重的并发症,其中以肝性脑病的死亡率为最高。通常,许多病程较长的肝硬化患者其皮肤会有明显的色素沉着,面部也比 Cirrhosis is a more common form of chronic liver disease caused by diffuse hepatic damage caused by long-term or repeated effects of one or more causes. Clinically, patients with early cirrhosis may have no overt symptoms due to their compensatory capacity in the liver. With the aggravation of the condition, such patients may experience clinical manifestations of hepatic dysfunction and portal hypertension due to multiple systems of the body being damaged, and often have gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, secondary infection and Cancer and other serious complications, of which the mortality rate of hepatic encephalopathy is the highest. Usually, many patients with longer duration of liver cirrhosis will have obvious skin pigmentation, the face than the