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目的评估北京市朝阳区自来水中三卤甲烷对成人的致癌风险。方法分别于2009年冬天(11—12月)和2010年夏天(7—8月),对朝阳区随机抽取的100户家庭进行调查和自来水(市政供水、二次供水和自备供水)水样采集,测定水中氯仿、一溴二氯甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷、溴仿4种三卤甲烷的浓度。采用美国环保局推荐的致癌风险评价方法和蒙特卡罗(Monte-Carlo)模拟对自来水中三卤甲烷的致癌风险进行概率分析。结果自来水中氯仿、一溴二氯甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷、溴仿累积概率为90%时的致癌风险分别为2.0×10~(-6)、1.4×10~(-5)、1.1×10~(-5)、1.1×10~(-6)。致癌风险最高的是二次供水,其次为市政供水和自备供水。结论北京市朝阳区自来水中三卤甲烷对成人具有潜在的致癌风险。
Objective To assess the carcinogenic risk of trihalomethanes in tap water in Chaoyang District of Beijing for adults. Methods A total of 100 households randomly selected from Chaoyang District in the winter of 2009 (November-December) and the summer of 2010 (July-August) were surveyed and tap water (municipal water supply, secondary water supply and self-provided water supply) Acquisition, determination of water chloroform, bromine dichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform four kinds of trihalomethanes concentration. Carcinogenic risk assessment recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency and Monte-Carlo simulation were used to carry out a probabilistic analysis of the carcinogenic risk of trihalomethanes in tap water. Results The carcinogenic risks of chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform in tap water were 2.0 × 10 -6, 1.4 × 10 -5, 1.1 × 10 ~ (-5), 1.1 × 10 ~ (-6). The highest carcinogenic risk is secondary water supply, followed by municipal water supply and own water supply. Conclusion Trihalomethanes in tap water in Chaoyang District of Beijing are potentially carcinogenic to adults.